{"id":20250,"date":"2024-11-06T17:54:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T09:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=20250"},"modified":"2024-11-06T17:54:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T09:54:01","slug":"prometheus%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5%e4%b8%8e%e7%bb%8f%e9%aa%8c%e5%88%86%e4%ba%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/20250.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\t\t\t\t<![CDATA[\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prometheus<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u638c\u63e1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prometheus<\/a>\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u67b6\u6784\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7b80\u8981\u4e86\u89e3Prometheus\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u3002Prometheus\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p align=center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/91eg9d.jpg\" width=1000><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<ol>\n\n\n<li><strong>Prometheus Server<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pushgateway<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a8\u9001\u77ed\u671f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Alertmanager<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PromQL<\/strong>\uff1aPrometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u805a\u5408\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>1. \u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Prometheus\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>Counter<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u589e\u4e0d\u51cf\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gauge<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u589e\u53ef\u51cf\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u7ebf\u7528\u6237\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Histogram<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Summary<\/strong>\uff1a\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>2. \u6307\u6807\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6307\u6807\u547d\u540d\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5206\u9694\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ee5\u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u5982<code>counter_<\/code>\u3001<code>gauge_<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>3. \u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u662fPrometheus\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li>\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5982<code>job<\/code>\u3001<code>instance<\/code>\u3001<code>method<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u589e\u52a0\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001Exporter\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Exporter\u662fPrometheus\u83b7\u53d6\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Exporter\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>1. Node Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e3b\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Docker\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88c5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd<code>\/proc<\/code>\u548c<code>\/sys<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u9650\u5236Exporter\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8Prometheus Server\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>2. Blackbox Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u63a2\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u63a2\u9488<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eHTTP\u3001TCP\u7b49\u63a2\u9488\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>3. MySQL Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u91c7\u96c6MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6743\u9650\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3aExporter\u521b\u5efa\u4e13\u7528\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ec5\u6388\u4e88\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u8c03\u6574\u91c7\u96c6\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u56db\u3001Prometheus Server\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>1. \u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Prometheus\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u673a\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5355\u673a\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus Federation\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Kubernetes\u7b49\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5229\u7528Prometheus Operator\u7b80\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>2. \u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Prometheus\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u77ed\u671f\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>Remote Storage<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982InfluxDB\u3001Elasticsearch\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thanos<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55Prometheus\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>3. \u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u6574\u91c7\u96c6\u9891\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u91c7\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u5206\u914dCPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u786e\u4fddPrometheus\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528PromQL\u7684\u805a\u5408\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u67e5\u8be2\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>1. 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