{"id":21220,"date":"2024-11-12T12:20:15","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T04:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=21220"},"modified":"2024-11-12T12:20:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T04:20:15","slug":"ebpf%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e7%a7%91%e6%99%ae%e9%9b%86%ef%bc%9a%e5%bc%80%e5%90%af%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e6%96%b0%e7%af%87%e7%ab%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/21220.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u57fa\u7840\u79d1\u666e\u96c6\uff1a\u5f00\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u65b0\u7bc7\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\teBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u9886\u57df\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdeBPF<\/a>\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u662fBPF\uff08Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684Steve McCanne\u548cVan Jacobson\u57281992\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u3002BPF\u6700\u521d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u5982tcpdump\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cBPF\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u73b0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0cLinux\u5185\u6838\u57282014\u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u4e86eBPF\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u4e86BPF\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u3002eBPF\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

1. eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7531\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9644\u7740\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5904\u7406\u7b49\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

2. eBPF maps<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF maps\u662feBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684eBPF maps\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

3. eBPF\u94a9\u5b50\uff08Hooks\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

eBPF\u94a9\u5b50\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6267\u884c\u70b9\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9644\u7740\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94a9\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684eBPF\u94a9\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n
  • \u7f51\u7edc\u94a9\u5b50<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982XDP\uff08eXpress Data Path\uff09\u3001TC\uff08Traffic Control\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • \u8ffd\u8e2a\u94a9\u5b50<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982kprobes\u3001uprobes\u3001tracepoints<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • \u5b89\u5168\u94a9\u5b50<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982LSM\uff08Linux Security Modules\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

    eBPF\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n
    1. \n\n

      \u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u5982C\uff09\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08\u5982Clang\/LLVM\uff09\u5c06\u5176\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \n\n

      \u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982bpftool\u6216libbpf\uff09\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u597d\u7684eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u3002\u5185\u6838\u7684eBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \n\n

      \u9644\u7740\u548c\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9644\u7740\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u94a9\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n

    4. \n\n

      \u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u53cd\u9988<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7eBPF maps\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f9b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

      1. \u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7XDP\u548cTC\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u94a9\u5b50\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u548cDDoS\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528XDP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684DDoS\u9632\u62a4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\u4e4b\u524d\u5feb\u901f\u4e22\u5f03\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u8f7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      2. \u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7kprobes\u3001uprobes\u548ctracepoints\u7b49\u8ffd\u8e2a\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7b49\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u5de5\u5177\u5982bpftrace\u548cbcc\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528bpftrace\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u7f16\u5199\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6267\u884c\u9891\u7387\u548c\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      3. \u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u9632\u62a4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7LSM\u94a9\u5b50\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5e72\u9884\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

      eBPF\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684eBPF\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n
      • bpftool<\/strong>\uff1aLinux\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
      • libbpf<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2aC\u5e93\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
      • bcc<\/strong>\uff1aBPF Compiler Collection\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684Python\u548cC\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
      • bpftrace<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684eBPF\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eawk\u548csed\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u7f16\u5199\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
      • Cilium<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

        eBPF\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

        eBPF\u6280\u672f\u4ecd\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6709\u671b\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

          \n\n\n
        • \u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u968f\u7740eBPF\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
        • \u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
        • \u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

          \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

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