{"id":22496,"date":"2024-11-25T14:26:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T06:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=22496"},"modified":"2024-11-25T14:26:00","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T06:26:00","slug":"prometheus%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%a0%e7%bb%9f%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%af%94%e8%be%83%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%98%e5%8a%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/22496.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u4e00\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

1. Prometheus\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u91c7\u7528\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n
  • Prometheus Server<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • Alertmanager<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u544a\u8b66\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • Pushgateway<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u77ed\u6682\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u6279\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u63a8\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97Prometheus\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u4e2aPrometheus Server\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76d1\u63a7\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982Nagios\u3001Zabbix\u7b49\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u6240\u6709\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76d1\u63a7\u65f6\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800cPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    1. Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8eHTTP\u7684\u62c9\u53d6\uff08Pull\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3002Exporter\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u66b4\u9732\u4e3aHTTP\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cPrometheus Server\u5b9a\u671f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u63a8\u9001\uff08Push\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u52a8\u5c06\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08TSDB\uff09\u5b58\u50a8\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u62c9\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u91c7\u7528\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    1. Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL\uff08Prometheus Query Language\uff09\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u805a\u5408\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7PromQL\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9608\u503c\u544a\u8b66\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u90e8\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684PromQL\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u4fbf\u6377\u6027\u3002\u914d\u5408Grafana\u7b49\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7f8e\u89c2\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u663e\u5f97\u8f83\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u56db\u3001\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    1. Prometheus\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531Alertmanager\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u3001Webhook\u7b49\uff09\u3002Alertmanager\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u544a\u8b66\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u548c\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u544a\u8b66\u98ce\u66b4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u8f83\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u8f83\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u573a\u666f\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u9700\u6c42\u3002Alertmanager\u7684\u53bb\u91cd\u548c\u5206\u7ec4\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u544a\u8b66\u98ce\u66b4\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u544a\u8b66\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e94\u3001\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u751f\u6001<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    1. Prometheus\u7684\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u4f5c\u4e3aCNCF\uff08Cloud Native Computing Foundation\uff09\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u793e\u533a\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus\uff0c\u8d21\u732e\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684Exporter\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2. \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u793e\u533a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u9762\u8f83\u4e3a\u6ede\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3. \u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301\u4e3a\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u627e\u5230\u5404\u79cdExporter\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa\u9002\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u663e\u5f97\u8f83\u4e3a\u5c01\u95ed\u548c\u843d\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u516d\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u652f\u6301<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    1. Prometheus\u7684\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

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