{"id":26675,"date":"2024-09-14T18:02:48","date_gmt":"2024-09-14T10:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=9618"},"modified":"2024-09-14T18:02:48","modified_gmt":"2024-09-14T10:02:48","slug":"%e8%b5%b0%e8%bf%9bprometheus%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%ef%bc%9a%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%9a%84%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/26675.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8d70\u8fdbPrometheus\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u63a2\u7d22"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\t\t\t\t<![CDATA[\n\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/p7hJMHN.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u8d70\u8fdb<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prometheus<\/a>\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u63a2\u7d22<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5f97\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6446\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u96be\u9898\u3002\u76d1\u63a7\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prometheus<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6b63\u9010\u6e10\u5f15\u9886\u7740\u76d1\u63a7\u6280\u672f\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u8fdb<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Prometheus<\/a>\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\u548c\u5728\u76d1\u63a7\u9886\u57df\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7531SoundCloud\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cPrometheus\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u6613\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u62c9\u53d6\uff08Pull\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u63a8\u9001\uff08Push\uff09\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u62c9\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u76d1\u63a7\u66f4\u52a0\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cPrometheus\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ecHTTP\u3001TCP\u3001UDP\u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e8c\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6784\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ol>\n\n\n<li style=\"text-indent:2em;\"><strong>PrometheusServer<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u67e5\u8be2\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li style=\"text-indent:2em;\"><strong>Exporters<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u66b4\u9732\u7ed9Prometheus\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li style=\"text-indent:2em;\"><strong>Alertmanager<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cPrometheusServer\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b83\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u91cd\u4efb\u3002Exporters\u5219\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3aPrometheus\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97Prometheus\u80fd\u591f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e09\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7531\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff08MetricName\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Labels\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<code>http_requests_total<\/code>\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0<code>method<\/code>\uff08GET\u3001POST\u7b49\uff09\u548c<code>status_code<\/code>\uff08200\u3001404\u7b49\uff09\u7b49\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u56db\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000PromQL\uff08PrometheusQueryLanguage\uff09\u662fPrometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u805a\u5408\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u901a\u8fc7PromQL\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5404\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3001\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3001\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8fc7\u53bb5\u5206\u949f\u5185<code>http_requests_total<\/code>\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<pre><code>avg(http_requests_total[5m])<br \/>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000PromQL\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e94\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u673a\u5236\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u57fa\u4e8ePromQL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u544a\u8b66\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u9608\u503c\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5f53\u544a\u8b66\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\uff0cAlertmanager\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u544a\u8b66\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u6291\u5236\u548c\u9759\u9ed8\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u544a\u8b66\u98ce\u66b4\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u516d\u3001Prometheus\u4e0e\u4e91\u6749\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e91\u6749\u7f51\u7edc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u539a\u6280\u672f\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0ePrometheus\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u4e91\u6749\u7f51\u7edc\u57fa\u4e8ePrometheus\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u9762\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e91\u6749\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06Prometheus\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e91\u6749\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9Prometheus\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e03\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000Prometheus\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ol>\n\n\n<li 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