{"id":28767,"date":"2024-11-06T17:23:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T09:23:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=19767"},"modified":"2024-11-06T17:23:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T09:23:53","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e6%8e%a2%e7%a9%b6prometheus%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%8c%e5%96%84%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/28767.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76Prometheus\uff1a\u5b8c\u5584\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\tPrometheus<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76Prometheus<\/a>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5584\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u91c7\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7531\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff08metric name\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff08label\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u805a\u5408\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n
  • Pull\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1aPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u4ece\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff08target\uff09\u4e2d\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  • Push\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Pushgateway\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u77ed\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001\u5230Prometheus\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

    1.3 \u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL\uff08Prometheus Query Language\uff09\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u805a\u5408\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    1.4 \u544a\u8b66\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u544a\u8b66\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff08alerting rules\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e8c\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2.1 Prometheus Server<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Prometheus Server\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5b83\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u4ece\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2.2 Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Exporter\u662fPrometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u5668\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Exporter\u5305\u62ecNode Exporter\u3001MySQL Exporter\u3001Redis Exporter\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2.3 Pushgateway<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Pushgateway\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u77ed\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u5728Prometheus\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7Pushgateway\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001\u5230Prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2.4 Alertmanager<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    Alertmanager\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u7531Prometheus Server\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u544a\u8b66\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u6291\u5236\u548c\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ca\u65f6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    2.5 Grafana<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u867d\u7136Prometheus\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u754c\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46Grafana\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0ePrometheus\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e09\u3001Prometheus\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    3.1 \u5355\u673a\u90e8\u7f72<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Prometheus Server\u3001Exporter\u548cGrafana\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

    3.2 \u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n
    • \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u4e2aPrometheus Server\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u53d1\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
    • \u8054\u90a6\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u5730\u57df\u6216\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Prometheus Server\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u8054\u90a6\uff08federation\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8054\u90a6\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u63a7\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8054\u90a6\u673a\u5236\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u56db\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

      4.1 \u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n
      • \u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u91c7\u96c6\u9891\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u91c7\u96c6\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5339\u914d\u7684Exporter\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6027\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

        4.2 \u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982SSD\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
        • \u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u8fc7\u671f\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u8fc7\u671f\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u79ef\u538b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

          4.3 \u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n
          • \u7f13\u5b58\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u67e5\u8be2\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

            4.4 \u5b8c\u5584\u544a\u8b66\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n
            • \u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u62a5\u548c\u6f0f\u62a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
            • \u544a\u8b66\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Alertmanager\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u6291\u5236\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5927\u91cf\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\u6df9\u6ca1\u5173\u952e\u544a\u8b66\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
            • \u591a\u6e20\u9053\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u79cd\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u3001Slack\u7b49\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u544a\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u65f6\u4f20\u8fbe\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

              4.5 \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n
              • \u521b\u5efa\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4eea\u8868\u76d8<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Grafana\u521b\u5efa\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
              • \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

                4.6 \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
                  \n\n\n
                • \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6ePrometheus\u548cGrafana\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                • \u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n

                  \u4e94\u3001\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

                  5.1 \u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

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