{"id":29101,"date":"2024-11-08T10:50:12","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T02:50:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=20684"},"modified":"2024-11-08T10:50:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T02:50:12","slug":"prometheus%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e7%bb%8f%e9%aa%8c%e5%88%86%e4%ba%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/29101.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\tPrometheus<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u4e1a\u754c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u4eab\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Prometheus<\/a>\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u7531SoundCloud\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n
  1. Prometheus Server<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  2. Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPrometheus\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  3. Alertmanager<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
  4. PromQL<\/strong>\uff1aPrometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u805a\u5408\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

    \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u597d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n
    1. \u5b89\u88c5Prometheus<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ecePrometheus\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
    2. \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001MongoDB\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684Exporter\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eExporter<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u4ee5MySQL\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eMySQL Exporter\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      1. \u5b89\u88c5MySQL Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n

      \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4eceGitHub\u4e0b\u8f7dMySQL Exporter\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

      wget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/mysqld_exporter\/releases\/download\/v0.12.1\/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
      \ntar -xvf mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
      \ncd mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64
      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
      2. \u914d\u7f6eMySQL\u6743\u9650<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7fMySQL Exporter\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      CREATE USER 'exporter'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
      \nGRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'exporter'@'localhost';
      \nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;
      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
      3. \u914d\u7f6eMySQL Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6my.cnf<\/code>\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      [client]
      \nuser=exporter
      \npassword=your_password
      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u542f\u52a8MySQL Exporter\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      .\/mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=my.cnf
      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u56db\u3001\u914d\u7f6ePrometheus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u5728Prometheus\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6prometheus.yml<\/code>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0MySQL Exporter\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      scrape_configs:
      \n  - job_name: 'mysql'
      \n    static_configs:
      \n      - targets: ['localhost:9104']
      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u91cd\u542fPrometheus\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
      \u4e94\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
      MySQL Exporter\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n
      1. \n\n
        \u5168\u5c40\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n
        • mysql_global_status_uptime<\/code>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
        • mysql_global_status_threads_connected<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
        • \n\n
          \u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n
          • mysql_global_status_queries<\/code>\uff1a\u603b\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
          • mysql_global_status_innodb_rows_read<\/code>\uff1aInnoDB\u8bfb\u53d6\u884c\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
          • \n\n
            \u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n
            • mysql_global_status_threads_running<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
            • mysql_global_status_innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data<\/code>\uff1aInnoDB\u7f13\u51b2\u6c60\u6570\u636e\u9875\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
              \u516d\u3001PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
              \u4f7f\u7528PromQL\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u805a\u5408\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n
              1. \u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                mysql_global_status_threads_connected
                \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                  \n\n\n
                1. \u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u79d2\u67e5\u8be2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                  rate(mysql_global_status_queries[1m])
                  \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n
                  1. \u67e5\u8be2InnoDB\u7f13\u51b2\u6c60\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                    mysql_global_status_innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data \/ mysql_global_status_innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total
                    \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u4e03\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u901a\u8fc7Alertmanager\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                    alerting:
                    \n  alertmanagers:
                    \n  - static_configs:
                    \n    - targets: ['localhost:9093']
                    \n
                    \nrule_files:
                    \n  - 'alerting_rules.yml'
                    \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u5728alerting_rules.yml<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                    groups:
                    \n- name: mysql_alerts
                    \n  rules:
                    \n  - alert: HighThreadCount
                    \n    expr: mysql_global_status_threads_connected > 100
                    \n    for: 1m
                    \n    labels:
                    \n      severity: warning
                    \n    annotations:
                    \n      summary: "High thread count detected"
                    \n      description: "MySQL thread count is above 100"
                    \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u516b\u3001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528Grafana\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6eGrafana\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \n\n\n
                    1. \u5b89\u88c5Grafana<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceGrafana\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                    2. \u6dfb\u52a0Prometheus\u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Grafana\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0Prometheus\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                    3. \u521b\u5efa\u4eea\u8868\u76d8<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5404\u79cd\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u4e5d\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
                      1. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Exporter<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7684Exporter\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Exporter\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Exporter\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                      from prometheus_client import start_http_server, Gauge
                      \nimport time
                      \n
                      \n# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aGauge\u6307\u6807
                      \nmy_gauge = Gauge('my_custom_metric', 'Description of my custom metric')
                      \n
                      \ndef process_request(t):
                      \n    my_gauge.set(t)
                      \n
                      \nif __name__ == '__main__':
                      \n    start_http_server(8000)
                      \n    while True:
                      \n        process_request(time.time())
                      \n        time.sleep(1)
                      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                      2. \u4f7f\u7528Recording Rules<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
                      Recording Rules\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u9884\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                      rule_files:
                      \n  - 'recording_rules.yml'
                      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u5728recording_rules.yml<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                      groups:
                      \n- name: example
                      \n  rules:
                      \n  - record: job:mysql:threads_connected
                      \n    expr: mysql_global_status_threads_connected
                      \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \u5341\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
                        \n\n\n
                      1. \u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9Exporter<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684Exporter\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u80fd\u591f\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u6240\u9700\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                      2. \u4f18\u5316PromQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528PromQL\u7684\u805a\u5408\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                      3. \u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u914d\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u544a\u8b66\u98ce\u66b4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                      4. \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Grafana\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                        \u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
                          \n\n\n
                        1. \n\n
                          Exporter\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                            \n\n\n
                          • \u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                          • \u786e\u4fddExporter\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                          • \n\n
                            Prometheus\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u5931\u8d25<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                              \n\n\n
                            • \u68c0\u67e5Prometheus\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                            • \u786e\u4fddExporter\u670d\u52a1\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                            • \n\n
                              \u544a\u8b66\u4e0d\u89e6\u53d1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                                \n\n\n
                              • \u68c0\u67e5\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n
                              • \u786e\u4fddAlertmanager\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
                                \u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
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