{"id":31904,"date":"2025-01-09T23:11:38","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T15:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=23844"},"modified":"2025-01-09T23:11:38","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T15:11:38","slug":"prometheus%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%9a%84%e9%a2%84%e6%b5%8b%e5%92%8c%e8%b6%8b%e5%8a%bf%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/31904.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\t\n\n

\"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\uff1f\"<\/p>\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\uff0cPrometheus<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cPrometheus\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9884\u6d4b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6316\u6398\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

\u8981\u7406\u89e3Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\u3002Prometheus<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7Pull\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6293\u53d6\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

Prometheus\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u662f\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Labels\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6233-\u503c\u5bf9\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5206\u6790\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n

\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u662f\u6570\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Prometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136Prometheus\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7PromQL\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u636e\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3001\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7b49\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528PromQL\u7684rate()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u67d0\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\u3002\u7ed3\u5408predict_linear()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n

predict_linear(http_requests_total{job="api-server"}[1h], 3600)
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u67651\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u3002\u867d\u7136predict_linear()<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f9d\u636e\u3002Prometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Grafana\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7PromQL\u7684increase()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u67d0\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u589e\u957f\u91cf\u3002\u7ed3\u5408Grafana\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ed8\u5236\u51fa\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u56fe\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
increase(cpu_usage{instance="web-server"}[1h])
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u770b\u5230CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9884\u6d4b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
\u867d\u7136Prometheus\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cTensorFlow<\/strong>\u3001PyTorch<\/strong>\u7b49\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0ePrometheus\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06Prometheus\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Kafka\u6216BigQuery\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\u9884\u6d4b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u5176\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\uff08\u5982\u4fc3\u9500\u6d3b\u52a8\u671f\u95f4\uff09\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e73\u53f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u6269\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n
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