{"id":32137,"date":"2025-01-21T15:29:49","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T07:29:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=25139"},"modified":"2025-01-21T15:29:49","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T07:29:49","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8ebpf%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%ae%9e%e6%97%b6%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e8%b5%84%e6%ba%90%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/32137.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\t\t\t\t<![CDATA[\n                \n\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic.zadbj010.com\/2025\/88bec355538ddcb.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u53d8\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002eBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662feBPF\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>eBPF\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6269\u5c55\u6280\u672f\u3002<strong>eBPF\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0ceBPF\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9891\u7e41\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5373\u65f6\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982C\u548cRust\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>eBPF\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>1. CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>CPU\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u3001CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5206\u914d\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>2. \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7<code>malloc<\/code>\u3001<code>free<\/code>\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ca\u65f6\u4fee\u590d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>3. \u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684I\/O\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7<code>read<\/code>\u3001<code>write<\/code>\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u6b21I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bc6\u522bI\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h4>4. \u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bc6\u522b\u7f51\u7edc\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7f16\u7a0b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u76d1\u63a7CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<pre><code class=\"language-c\">#include &lt;linux\/bpf.h&gt;<br \/>\n#include &lt;bpf\/bpf_helpers.h&gt;<br \/>\n<br \/>\nstruct bpf_map_def SEC(&quot;maps&quot;) cpu_usage = {<br \/>\n    .type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,<br \/>\n    .key_size = sizeof(u32),<br \/>\n    .value_size = sizeof(u64),<br \/>\n    .max_entries = 1024,<br \/>\n};<br \/>\n<br \/>\nSEC(&quot;tracepoint\/sched\/sched_switch&quot;)<br \/>\nint trace_sched_switch(struct trace_event_raw_sched_switch *ctx) {<br \/>\n    u32 pid = ctx-&gt;next_pid;<br \/>\n    u64 *usage = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&amp;cpu_usage, &amp;pid);<br \/>\n    if (!usage) {<br \/>\n        u64 init_usage = 0;<br \/>\n        bpf_map_update_elem(&amp;cpu_usage, &amp;pid, &amp;init_usage, BPF_NOEXIST);<br \/>\n        usage = &amp;init_usage;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    *usage += ctx-&gt;next_prio;<br \/>\n    return 0;<br \/>\n}<br \/>\n<br \/>\nchar _license[] SEC(&quot;license&quot;) = &quot;GPL&quot;;<br \/>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>cpu_usage<\/code>\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002<code>trace_sched_switch<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>eBPF\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684eBPF\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<strong>BCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09<strong>\u548c<\/strong>bpftrace<\/strong>\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684eBPF\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u811a\u672c\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528BCC\u7684<code>execsnoop<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9000\u51fa\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo execsnoop<br \/>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID\u3001\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n<p>eBPF\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6269\u5c55\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684eBPF\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff0ceBPF\u90fd\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u968f\u7740eBPF\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5b83\u5c06\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n                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