{"id":32678,"date":"2025-03-04T10:37:42","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T02:37:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=32678"},"modified":"2025-03-04T10:37:42","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T02:37:42","slug":"%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%95%85%e9%9a%9c%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98io%e7%93%b6%e9%a2%88%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/32678.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5e94\u7528\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic.zadbj010.com\/2025\/952e7da5f349c91.jpg\" alt=\"\u5e94\u7528\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u9aa4\u964d\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5ef6\u8fdf\u751a\u81f3\u9891\u7e41\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888<\/strong>\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u771f\u51f6\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u96be\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u50cf\u6162\u6027\u75c5\u4e00\u6837\u9010\u6b65\u4fb5\u8680\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u78c1\u76d8io\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f<strong>\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4e89\u62a2\u6216\u4efb\u52a1\u5806\u79ef\u3002\u5176\u5e38\u89c1\u8868\u73b0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff08Load Average\uff09\u5f02\u5e38\u5347\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff08%util\uff09\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u4e8e80%<\/strong>\uff08\u901a\u8fc7<code>iostat<\/code>\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u76d1\u6d4b\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85IO\u800c\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720\u201d\u72b6\u6001\uff08D\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u74f6\u9888\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u62d6\u6162\u5355\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u5f15\u53d1\u201c\u96ea\u5d29\u6548\u5e94\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4fc3\u9500\u671f\u95f4\u9891\u7e41\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5199\u76d8\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684IOPS\u88ab\u62a2\u5360\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u56db\u6b65\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6cd5-\u4ece\u73b0\u8c61\u5230\u6839\u56e0\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u56db\u6b65\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u73b0\u8c61\u5230\u6839\u56e0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ebf\u5bf9\u6bd4\"><strong>1. \u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ebf\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>+Grafana\u3001Zabbix\uff09\u5b9e\u65f6\u6536\u96c6\u78c1\u76d8\u7684<strong>IOPS\u3001\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08await\uff09<\/strong>\u7b49\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u57fa\u7ebf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u67d0\u5757SSD\u7684\u5e38\u6001IOPS\u4e3a2000\uff0c\u7a81\u53d1\u5cf0\u503c\u65f6\u964d\u81f3800\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7io\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\"><strong>2. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7IO\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>iotop<\/code>\u6216<code>pidstat -d<\/code>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0Java\u5e94\u7528\u56e0\u672a\u914d\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6eda\u52a8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5355\u65e5\u751f\u6210\u6570\u5341GB\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5199\u76d8\u5bfc\u81f4IO\u961f\u5217\u62e5\u5835\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/strong>\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u6587\u4ef6\u7ea7\u522b\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e0e\u70ed\u70b9\u8bc6\u522b\"><strong>3. \u6587\u4ef6\u7ea7\u522b\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e0e\u70ed\u70b9\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u501f\u52a9<code>lsof<\/code>\u6216<code>fatrace<\/code>\u9501\u5b9a\u9ad8\u9891\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMySQL\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\u663e\u793a\u67d0\u6761\u672a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684SQL\u9891\u7e41\u89e6\u53d1\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u5927\u91cf\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u6216\u589e\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u7acb\u7aff\u89c1\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4-\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6392\u67e5\"><strong>4. \u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6392\u67e5<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u786c\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5982SMART\u503c\uff09\u3001RAID\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ext4\/XFS\/Btrfs\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff08deadline\/cfq\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u91c7\u7528\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8\u4e14RAID5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u865a\u62df\u673a\u78c1\u76d8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9ad8\u8fbe\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u516d\u5927\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848-\u4ece\u5e94\u6025\u5230\u6839\u6cbb\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u516d\u5927\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u4ece\u5e94\u6025\u5230\u6839\u6cbb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f-\u51cf\u5c11\u7269\u7406io\u538b\u529b\"><strong>1. \u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f\uff1a\u51cf\u5c11\u7269\u7406IO\u538b\u529b<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Redis\u6216Memcached\u7f13\u5b58\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u8c03\u6574Linux\u7684<code>vm.dirty_ratio<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982MySQL\u7684InnoDB Buffer Pool\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u8bfb\u5199\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u5f02\u6b65\u4e0e\u975e\u963b\u585eio\u4f18\u5316\"><strong>2. \u5f02\u6b65\u4e0e\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5c06\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7\u6539\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982Log4j\u7684AsyncAppender\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff08Netty\u3001Node.js\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u5237\u76d8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c06\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u53473\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u5347\u7ea7\"><strong>3. \u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u5347\u7ea7<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SSD\u66ff\u4ee3HDD<\/strong>\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u767e\u500d\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Ceph\u3001GlusterFS\u5b9e\u73b0IO\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u51b7\u70ed\u6570\u636e\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u9ad8\u9891\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"4-\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u4f18\"><strong>4. \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u4f18<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9009\u62e9XFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1IO\u573a\u666f\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u6574IO\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e3a<code>deadline<\/code>\u6216<code>mq-deadline<\/code>\uff08\u9488\u5bf9SSD\u4f18\u5316\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>ionice<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"5-\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42\u9762\u6539\u8fdb\"><strong>5. \u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42\u9762\u6539\u8fdb<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u9891\u7e41\u8bfb\u5199<\/strong>\uff1a\u5408\u5e76\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\uff08mmap\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u6574\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982MySQL\u7684<code>innodb_flush_method<\/code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aO_DIRECT\u7ed5\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9650\u5236\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5173\u95edDEBUG\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5197\u4f59\u5199\u76d8\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"6-\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u6269\u5bb9\u9884\u8b66\"><strong>6. \u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u6269\u5bb9\u9884\u8b66<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u9884\u8b66\u9608\u503c\uff08\u598280%\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u63d0\u524d\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u89c6\u9891\u5e73\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u4e0a\u4f20\u91cf\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u907f\u514dIO\u74f6\u9888\u7a81\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u957f\u6548\u9632\u5fa1-\u4ece\u6551\u706b\u5230\u6cbb\u672a\u75c5\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u957f\u6548\u9632\u5fa1\uff1a\u4ece\u6551\u706b\u5230\u6cbb\u672a\u75c5<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5e38\u6001\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff1a\u96c6\u6210\u78c1\u76d8IO\u6307\u6807\u5230APM\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u7ba1\u7406<\/a>\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u81ea\u52a8\u544a\u8b66\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u538b\u6d4b\u4e0e\u6df7\u6c8c\u5de5\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u9ad8IO\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6297\u538b\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u6545\u969c\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u67b6\u6784\u89e3\u8026\u4e0e\u5197\u4f59\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u9694\u79bbIO\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u70b9\u74f6\u9888\u6269\u6563\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6539\u9020\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u72ec\u7acb\u90e8\u7f72\u81f3\u4e13\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7Kafka\u7f13\u51b2\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u539f\u6709IO\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u6251\u706d\u7531\u78c1\u76d8IO\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u6027\u80fd\u706b\u707e\u201d\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u4ece\u67b6\u6784\u5c42\u9762\u6784\u5efa\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u590d\u6742\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u9aa4\u964d\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5ef6\u8fdf\u751a\u81f3\u9891\u7e41\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u771f\u51f6\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u96be\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u50cf\u6162\u6027\u75c5\u4e00\u6837\u9010\u6b65\u4fb5\u8680\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd \u78c1\u76d8IO\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4e89\u62a2\u6216\u4efb\u52a1\u5806\u79ef\u3002\u5176\u5e38\u89c1\u8868\u73b0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\uff09\uff1b \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff08Load Average\uff09\u5f02\u5e38\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c\uff1b \u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff08%util\uff09\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u4e8e80%\uff08\u901a\u8fc7iostat\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u76d1\u6d4b\uff09\uff1b 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\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u786c\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5982SMART\u503c\uff09\u3001RAID\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ext4\/XFS\/Btrfs\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff08deadline\/cfq\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u91c7\u7528\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8\u4e14RAID5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u865a\u62df\u673a\u78c1\u76d8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9ad8\u8fbe\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u516d\u5927\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u4ece\u5e94\u6025\u5230\u6839\u6cbb 1. \u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f\uff1a\u51cf\u5c11\u7269\u7406IO\u538b\u529b \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Redis\u6216Memcached\u7f13\u5b58\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\uff1b \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u8c03\u6574Linux\u7684vm.dirty_ratio\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u5982MySQL\u7684InnoDB Buffer Pool\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u8bfb\u5199\u78c1\u76d8\u3002 2. \u5f02\u6b65\u4e0e\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u4f18\u5316 \u5c06\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7\u6539\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982Log4j\u7684AsyncAppender\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u6846\u67b6\uff08Netty\u3001Node.js\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u5237\u76d8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c06\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u53473\u500d\u3002 3. \u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u5347\u7ea7 SSD\u66ff\u4ee3HDD\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u767e\u500d\uff1b \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Ceph\u3001GlusterFS\u5b9e\u73b0IO\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1b \u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u51b7\u70ed\u6570\u636e\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u9ad8\u9891\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u3002 4. \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u4f18 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