{"id":32681,"date":"2025-03-04T10:38:03","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T02:38:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=32681"},"modified":"2025-03-04T10:38:03","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T02:38:03","slug":"ebpf%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b8%ae%e5%8a%a9%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e8%80%85%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e8%a1%8c%e4%b8%ba%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/32681.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u3010\u524d\u8a00\u3011
\n\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c”\u590d\u6742\u6027”\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5185\u6838\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5f80\u5f80\u5982\u540c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u2014\u2014\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u7eb5\u6a2a\u4ea4\u9519\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u77ac\u606f\u4e07\u53d8\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u5982strace<\/code>\u6216SystemTap<\/code>\u867d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u5c40\u9650\u3002eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u6e90\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c06\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ec8\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5999\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1a\u6253\u7834\u5185\u6838\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u58c1\u5792<\/h3>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u63d2\u6869\u6216\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002eBPF<\/a>\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ce8\u5165\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528bpftrace<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1a<\/p>\n

bpftrace -e 'kprobe:vfs_read { @start[tid] = nsecs; }  \r\nkretprobe:vfs_read \/@start[tid]\/ { @ns = hist(nsecs - @start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }'  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570vfs_read<\/code>\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u63d2\u5165\u63a2\u9488\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u5206\u5e03\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u4ec5\u5360\u7528\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5411\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u539f\u59cb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\uff0ceBPF\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u673a\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u6c99\u7bb1\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u80c6\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c2\u6d4b\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u62c5\u5fc3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5982Linux\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005Brendan Gregg\u6240\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a”eBPF\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u89c2\u6d4b\u4ece’\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f’\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a’\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8c03\u8bd5’\u3002”<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5168\u666f\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a\u4ece\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def<\/h3>\n
\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92\u94fe\u6761\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684write()<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08VFS\uff09\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u5c42\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7kprobe<\/code>\uff08\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u63a2\u9488\uff09\u3001tracepoint<\/code>\uff08\u9759\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u70b9\uff09\u3001uprobe<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a2\u9488\uff09\u7684\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u8de8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u56fe\u8c31<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528tracepoint:nvme:nvme_complete_rq<\/code>\u8ffd\u8e2aNVMe\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u7684I\/O\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u4ef6\n<\/li>\n
  2. \u901a\u8fc7kprobe:__netif_receive_skb<\/code>\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u6536\u5305\u8def\u5f84\n<\/li>\n
  3. \u7ed3\u5408XDP\uff08eXpress Data Path\uff09<\/code>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5f02\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u5305\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u5c42\u8054\u52a8\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u9762<\/strong>\u3002\u77e5\u540d\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5382\u5546Cloudflare\u66fe\u501f\u52a9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6bdb\u523a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u4e09\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5256\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u6a21\u7cca\u63a8\u6d4b\u5230\u91cf\u5316\u8bca\u65ad<\/h3>\n
    \u5185\u6838\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u957f\u671f\u9762\u4e34”\u6570\u636e\u592a\u591a”\u4e0e”\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u8db3”\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u2014\u2014perf<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u96be\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff09\u5219\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6307\u5bfc\u5177\u4f53\u4f18\u5316\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u5e73\u8861<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
    Meta\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684BCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0coffcputime<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u8ba1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u6216\u9501\u65f6\u7684\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u5173\u8054\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    .\/offcputime -p \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0bPID  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u54ea\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7cbe\u786e\u5230\u67d0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u89e6\u53d1\u4e86\u963b\u585e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5256\u6790\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b”\u70ed\u70b9”\u4ee3\u7801\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5728\u5e9e\u6742\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u76f2\u76ee\u641c\u7d22<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
    eBPF\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff08\u5982Intel PT\uff09\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u89c2\u6d4bCPU\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u7b49\u5fae\u67b6\u6784\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50\u7b49\u6df1\u5c42\u9886\u57df\u5b9e\u65bd\u7cbe\u51c6\u8c03\u4f18\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
    \u56db\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u9632\u5fa1\u5230\u884c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b<\/h3>\n
    \u5185\u6838\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5229\u7528\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u6216\u9759\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u653b\u51fb\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002eBPF\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u6784\u5efa\u884c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7ebf\u7684\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5982execve<\/code>\u3001mmap<\/code>\uff09\u90e8\u7f72eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u6784\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u56fe\u8c31\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u987a\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\/\u968f\u673a\u5199\u5165\uff09\n<\/li>\n
    • \u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u5e03\uff09\n<\/li>\n
    • \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u53d1\u8d77\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\uff09\uff0ceBPF\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u6216\u963b\u65b7\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8bef\u62a5\u7387<\/strong>\u3002\u636e\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76eeFalco\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408eBPF\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u9003\u9038\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5e73\u574778\u5206\u949f\u7f29\u77ed\u81f38\u79d2\u4ee5\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n
      \n
      \u4e94\u3001\u751f\u6001\u6f14\u8fdb\uff1a\u4ece\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u9769\u65b0<\/h3>\n
      eBPF\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u50ac\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u89c2\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u5de5\u5177\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u811a\u672c\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5047\u8bbe\n<\/li>\n
      2. \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53cb\u597d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee57\u00d724\u5c0f\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\n<\/li>\n
      3. \u77e5\u8bc6\u6c89\u6dc0<\/strong>\uff1aBCC\u3001libbpf\u7b49\u6846\u67b6\u5c06\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        Netflix\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5728\u5206\u6790Java\u5e94\u7528GC\u5361\u987f\u65f6\uff0c\u66fe\u7528eBPF\u8ffd\u8e2ammap<\/code>\/munmap<\/code>\u8c03\u7528\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u4e0eJVM\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5b58\u5728\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8de8\u6808\uff08\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230JVM\uff09\u7684\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
        eBPF\u6280\u672f\u6808\u4ecd\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u8fdb\u5316\uff1aCO-RE\uff08Compile Once, Run Everywhere\uff09\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8de8\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1bBPF Type Format\uff08BTF\uff09\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u81ea\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1b\u4e0eWasm\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5219\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u95e8\u69db\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5185\u6838\u89c2\u6d4b\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u89e6\u624b\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6280\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u3010\u524d\u8a00\u3011 \u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c”\u590d\u6742\u6027”\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5185\u6838\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u7ba1\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5f80\u5f80\u5982\u540c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u2014\u2014\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u7eb5\u6a2a\u4ea4\u9519\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u77ac\u606f\u4e07\u53d8\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u5982strace\u6216SystemTap\u867d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u5c40\u9650\u3002eBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u6e90\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c06\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ec8\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5999\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1a\u6253\u7834\u5185\u6838\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u58c1\u5792 \u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u63d2\u6869\u6216\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ce8\u5165\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528bpftrace\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1a bpftrace -e ‘kprobe:vfs_read { @start[tid] = nsecs; } kretprobe:vfs_read \/@start[tid]\/ { @ns = hist(nsecs – @start[tid]); delete(@start[tid]); }’ \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570vfs_read\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u63d2\u5165\u63a2\u9488\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u5206\u5e03\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u4ec5\u5360\u7528\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5411\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u539f\u59cb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u3002 \u66f4\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\uff0ceBPF\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u673a\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u6c99\u7bb1\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u80c6\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c2\u6d4b\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u62c5\u5fc3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5982Linux\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005Brendan Gregg\u6240\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a”eBPF\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u89c2\u6d4b\u4ece’\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f’\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a’\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8c03\u8bd5’\u3002” \u4e8c\u3001\u5168\u666f\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a\u4ece\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def \u7406\u89e3\u5185\u6838\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5355\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u6742\u4ea4\u4e92\u94fe\u6761\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684write()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08VFS\uff09\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u5c42\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7kprobe\uff08\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u63a2\u9488\uff09\u3001tracepoint\uff08\u9759\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u70b9\uff09\u3001uprobe\uff08\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a2\u9488\uff09\u7684\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u8de8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u56fe\u8c31\u3002 \u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a \u4f7f\u7528tracepoint:nvme:nvme_complete_rq\u8ffd\u8e2aNVMe\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u7684I\/O\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u4ef6 \u901a\u8fc7kprobe:__netif_receive_skb\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u6536\u5305\u8def\u5f84 \u7ed3\u5408XDP\uff08eXpress Data Path\uff09\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5f02\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u5305 \u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u5c42\u8054\u52a8\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u77e5\u540d\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5382\u5546Cloudflare\u66fe\u501f\u52a9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6bdb\u523a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5256\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u6a21\u7cca\u63a8\u6d4b\u5230\u91cf\u5316\u8bca\u65ad \u5185\u6838\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u957f\u671f\u9762\u4e34”\u6570\u636e\u592a\u591a”\u4e0e”\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u8db3”\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u2014\u2014perf\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u96be\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff09\u5219\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6307\u5bfc\u5177\u4f53\u4f18\u5316\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u5e73\u8861\u3002 Meta\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684BCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0coffcputime\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u8ba1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u6216\u9501\u65f6\u7684\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u5173\u8054\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a .\/offcputime -p \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0bPID 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