{"id":33370,"date":"2025-03-04T12:03:28","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T04:03:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=33370"},"modified":"2025-03-04T12:03:28","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T04:03:28","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8ebpf%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e7%9a%84%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e5%8a%a0%e8%bd%bd%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/33370.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u201d\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff08Kernel Module\uff09\u867d\u7136\u652f\u6301\u6309\u9700\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u98ce\u9669<\/strong>\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5e38\u5f15\u53d1\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u968f\u7740eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ec8\u4e8e\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u7a81\u7834\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff1f\u4e3a\u4f55\u8bf4\u5b83\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00eBPF<\/a>\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001eBPF\u6280\u672f\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91<\/strong><\/h3>\n

eBPF\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u201c\u6c99\u7bb1\u5316\u6267\u884c\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff08Verifier\uff09\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u501f\u52a9\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08JIT\uff09\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e0\u9700\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\uff08Hook\uff09\u6ce8\u5165\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7kprobe<\/code>\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7XDP<\/code>\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5f62\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u5378\u8f7d\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u8fd8\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u201c\u52a0\u8f7d\/\u5378\u8f7d\u201d\u5468\u671f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u8981insmod<\/code>\/rmmod<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u914d\u5408\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u7ade\u4e89\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u6545\u969c\u3002\u800ceBPF\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5219\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u66ff\u6362<\/strong>\uff1a\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u65e0\u7f1d\u66ff\u6362\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u96f6\u4e2d\u65ad\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u8d44\u6e90\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536<\/strong>\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u9891\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong>\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u6574\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    1. \u6302\u8f7deBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7bpf()<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u81f3\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6302\u8f7d\u5230openat<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

    struct bpf_object *obj;  \r\nbpf_program__attach_kprobe(prog, false, "do_sys_openat2");  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u89e6\u53d1openat<\/code>\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u9884\u8bbe\u7684eBPF\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n
    2. \u52a8\u6001\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u201c\u70ed\u63d2\u62d4\u201d\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    \u5229\u7528\u7528\u6237\u6001\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982Python\u6216Go\u7f16\u5199\u7684daemon\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7BPF_MAP<\/code>\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u53d1\u9001\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u81f3\u5171\u4eabMap\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u5185\u6838\u7aef\u884c\u4e3a\u53d8\u66f4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n
    3. \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5e73\u8861<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    eBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u4f1a\u4e25\u683c\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    • \u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u8d8a\u754c\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    • \u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303\u3002
      \n\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u80fd\u88abJIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u63a5\u8fd1\u539f\u751f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n
      \u56db\u3001\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \u67d0\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u5229\u7528eBPF\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5176\u6280\u672f\u6808\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u6001API\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u6d41\u91cf\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u96f6\u505c\u673a\u5347\u7ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u66ff\u6362\u7edf\u8ba1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6ce2\u52a8\u5c0f\u4e8e0.1ms\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edfiptables\u65b9\u6848\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4e0b\u964d40%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u8be5\u6848\u4f8b\u8bc1\u660e\uff0ceBPF\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u3001\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
        \n
        \u4e94\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \u5c3d\u7ba1eBPF\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u7f16\u7a0b\u95e8\u69db\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u9700\u8b66\u60d5\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5206\u652f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u9700\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        • \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u6838\u7684eBPF\u7279\u6027\u652f\u6301\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528libbpf\u7b49\u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        • \u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528bpftool<\/code>\u548cBTF\uff08BPF Type Format\uff09<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u7b26\u53f7\u89e3\u6790\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
          \u516d\u3001\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1a\u4ece\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u65e0\u5185\u6838\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          eBPF\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u6b63\u5728\u6a21\u7cca\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u201d<\/strong>\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5206\u53d1\u3002\u7ed3\u5408CO-RE\uff08Compile Once \u2013 Run Everywhere\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6216\u5c06\u5f7b\u5e95\u544a\u522b\u5185\u6838\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u9002\u914d\u7684\u5669\u68a6\u3002<\/p>\n
          eBPF\u4e0eWebAssembly\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u5f02\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong>\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u878d\u5408\u6216\u5c06\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u5c9b\u201d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u539f\u751f\u6027\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u2014\u2014\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u201d\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff08Kernel Module\uff09\u867d\u7136\u652f\u6301\u6309\u9700\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5e38\u5f15\u53d1\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u968f\u7740eBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ec8\u4e8e\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u7a81\u7834\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff1f\u4e3a\u4f55\u8bf4\u5b83\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00eBPF\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u3002 \u4e00\u3001eBPF\u6280\u672f\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91 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