{"id":33443,"date":"2025-03-07T10:31:06","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T02:31:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=33443"},"modified":"2025-03-07T10:31:06","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T02:31:06","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fnpm%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%8c%85%e7%9a%84%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/33443.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u4f18\u5316\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LOsxA.jpg\" alt=\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u4f18\u5316\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u91cd\u5851\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0cNPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684JavaScript\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u573a\u6548\u7387\u9769\u547d\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5408\u89c4\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u501f\u52a9\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c06NPM\u5305\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ece&rdquo;\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u8bd5&rdquo;\u8f6c\u5411&rdquo;\u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf&rdquo;\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u5347\u7814\u53d1\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u547d\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM<\/a>\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u4f18\u5316\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u8d28\u6548\u8dc3\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0enpm\u7684\u878d\u5408-\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u7684\u91cd\u6784\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0eNPM\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u7684\u91cd\u6784<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edfNPM\u5305\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u2014\u2014<strong>\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u3001\u5f39\u6027\u4f38\u7f29\u3001\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5Docker\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06Node.js\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3001NPM\u7248\u672c\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b49\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>Dockerfile<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM node:18-alpine  \r\nWORKDIR \/app  \r\nCOPY package*.json .\/  \r\nRUN npm ci --only=production  \r\nCOPY . .  \r\nCMD [&quot;npm&quot;, &quot;start&quot;]  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56fa\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa<\/strong>\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\u53d1\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u5982Kubernetes\uff09\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u6784\u5efa\u4efb\u52a1\u8d1f\u8f7d\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u5ea6\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8d44\u6e90\u4e89\u62a2\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0NPM\u5305\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u6574\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6280\u672f\u8981\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>CI\/CD\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><br \/>\nGitHub Actions\u3001GitLab CI\u3001Jenkins X\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7YAML\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728GitHub Actions\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">on:  \r\npush:  \r\nbranches: [ main ]  \r\npull_request:  \r\nbranches: [ main ]  \r\njobs:  \r\nbuild:  \r\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest  \r\nsteps:  \r\n- uses: actions\/checkout@v4  \r\n- uses: actions\/setup-node@v4  \r\nwith:  \r\nnode-version: 18.x  \r\n- run: npm install  \r\n- run: npm run build  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1<strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\u2192\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u2192\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u2192\u4ea7\u7269\u5f52\u6863<\/strong>\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7cbe\u51c6\u7248\u672c\u9501\u5b9a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528<code>package-lock.json<\/code>\u6216<code>npm-shrinkwrap.json<\/code>\u9501\u5b9a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408<code>npm ci<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff08Clean Install\uff09\u786e\u4fdd\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6309\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>--omit=dev<\/code>\u8df3\u8fc7\u5f00\u53d1\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u6216\u5728Monorepo\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528<code>npm workspaces<\/code>\u4ec5\u5b89\u88c5\u5fc5\u8981\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u79c1\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u52a0\u901f<\/strong>\uff1a\u642d\u5efaNexus\u6216Verdaccio\u79c1\u6709\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u516c\u5171\u5305\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u7f51\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u957f\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6784\u5efa\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6781\u81f4\u5229\u7528<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u652f\u6301\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Docker\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1Dockerfile\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u5e38\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\u5c42\uff08\u5982<code>npm install<\/code>\uff09\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u590d\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u5c42\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>CI\/CD\u5e73\u53f0\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728GitHub Actions\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e<code>actions\/cache<\/code>\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58<code>node_modules<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- name: Cache node modules  \r\nuses: actions\/cache@v3  \r\nwith:  \r\npath: node_modules  \r\nkey: ${{ runner.os }}-npm-${{ hashFiles('**\/package-lock.json') }}  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u663e\u793a\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u540e\u6784\u5efa\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u534770%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u8fdb\u9636\u4f18\u5316-\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u535a\u5f08\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u8fdb\u9636\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u535a\u5f08<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM<\/a>\u8fd8\u9700\u5e94\u5bf9<strong>\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u5408\u89c4<\/strong>\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e76\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u589e\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u91c7\u7528TurboRepo\u3001Lerna\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u5b50\u5305\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408<strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u54c8\u5e0c\u6bd4\u5bf9<\/strong>\u6216<strong>Git\u53d8\u66f4\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u89e6\u53d1\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5168\u91cf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u5de6\u79fb<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u96c6\u6210Snyk\u3001npm audit\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4e2d\u7684CVE\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728CI\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u95e8\u7981\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- name: Run security audit  \r\nrun: npm audit --audit-level=critical  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u53d1\u73b0\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u524d\u7f6e\u5316<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4ea7\u7269\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e0eSBOM\u751f\u6210<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7SPDX\u6216CycloneDX\u6807\u51c6\u751f\u6210\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7269\u6599\u6e05\u5355\uff08SBOM\uff09\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c\u3001\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u8ffd\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b-\u4ece\u6784\u5efa\u5230\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u4f18\u5316\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4ece\u6784\u5efa\u5230\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u79d1\u6280\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u67b6\u6784\u540e\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9NPM\u5305\u6784\u5efa\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u6539\u9020\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u73af\u5883\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Docker Compose\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u4e09\u5957\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6784\u5efa\u7ed3\u679c\u8de8\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u5c42\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06<code>node_modules<\/code>\u7f13\u5b58\u4e8eAWS S3\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408CDN\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u7403\u56e2\u961f\u5171\u4eab\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u6784\u5efa\u96c6\u7fa4<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8eKubernetes\u7684HPA\uff08\u6c34\u5e73Pod\u81ea\u52a8\u4f38\u7f29\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u6bb5\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9\u6784\u5efa\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u5e73\u5747\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece12\u5206\u949f\u7f29\u77ed\u81f33\u5206\u949f\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<strong>\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u4e0b\u964d85%<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u6708\u5ea6\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e40%<\/strong>\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6536\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 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