{"id":33605,"date":"2025-03-07T10:49:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T02:49:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=33605"},"modified":"2025-03-07T10:49:59","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T02:49:59","slug":"ebpf%e5%9c%a8%e4%ba%91%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%98%e5%8a%bf%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/33605.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5de5\u5177\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ca\u9759\u6001\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u3002eBPF<\/a><\/strong>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ce8\u5165\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\uff0ceBPF<\/a>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u5851\u4e91\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\uff1a\u7a7f\u900f\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u201c\u900f\u89c6\u955c\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong>\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u8fc7\u9ad8<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u96be\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u6216\u8c03\u5ea6\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u800c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53c8\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n

eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6c99\u76d2\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u96f6\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6355\u83b7\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium<\/strong>\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56iptables\u6216Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u62d3\u6251\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5355\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u8f6c\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201ceBPF\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e3a\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u201d<\/em> \u4e00\u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u2018\u9690\u85cf\u2019\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\uff08\u5982TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\uff09\u56e0\u591a\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002Kubernetes\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684Service Mesh\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a02-3\u6beb\u79d2\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n

eBPF\u901a\u8fc7XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u79fb\u81f3\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u53d8\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u52a0\u901f<\/strong>\uff1aFacebook\u7684Katran\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528XDP\u66ff\u4ee3kube-proxy\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u534710\u500d\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • DDoS\u9632\u5fa1\u524d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u964d\u4f4eCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u534f\u8bae\u65c1\u8def\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCloudflare\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u7ed5\u8fc7TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0QUIC\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5ef6\u8fdf\u964d\u4f4e40%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5185\u6838\u65c1\u8def\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9eBPF\u6210\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u9769\u547d\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5b9e\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u5448\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u3001\u9690\u853d\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08IDS\uff09\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u96f6\u65e5\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

    eBPF\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4ef7\u503c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u5b9e\u65f6\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u6ce8\u5165\u68c0\u6d4b\u903b\u8f91\uff0ceBPF\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u62e6\u622a\u53ef\u7591\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFalco\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u76d1\u63a7\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\/bin\/sh<\/code>\u5728\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u544a\u8b66\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    2. \u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Kubernetes\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u6839\u636ePod\u6807\u7b7e\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u906d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u9694\u79bb\u76f8\u5173\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u201ceBPF\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e91\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u201d<\/em> \u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8CTO\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u9700\u8981\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u751f\u6548\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u56db\u3001\u65e0\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u89e3\u9501\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6027\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      \u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5bb9\u5668\u9891\u7e41\u542f\u505c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u62d3\u6251\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u4f9d\u8d56\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u8fd9\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

      eBPF\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u65e0\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f<\/strong>\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a8\u6001\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u7cfb\u7edf\u6df1\u5ea6\u96c6\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684gVisor\u7ed3\u5408eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bb9\u5668\u6c99\u7bb1\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u8de8\u5c42\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5173\u8054Kubernetes\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0ceBPF\u53ef\u6784\u5efa\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u753b\u50cf\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u76d1\u63a7\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u7531\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u96f6\u6469\u64e6\u201d\u8fd0\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u4e94\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6548\u7387\uff1a\u6253\u7834\u4e91\u6210\u672c\u7684\u201c\u9690\u5f62\u5929\u82b1\u677f\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        \u636eFlexera 2023\u5e74\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc735%\u7684\u4e91\u652f\u51fa\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u672a\u4f18\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u964d\u4f4e\u4e91\u6210\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2aCPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u548c\u5b58\u50a8I\/O\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u7a7a\u95f2\u5bb9\u5668\u6216\u8fc7\u5ea6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        2. \u667a\u80fd\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u524d5\u79d2\u89e6\u53d1HPA\uff08\u6c34\u5e73Pod\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u7f29\uff09\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u8db3\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684SLA\u8fdd\u89c4\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        3. \u51cf\u5c11\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528eBPF\u66ff\u4ee3Service Mesh\u4e2d\u7684Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u8282\u770130%-50%\u7684CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4ece58%\u63d0\u5347\u81f382%\uff0c\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e91\u6210\u672c\u4e0b\u964d\u8fd1270\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n

          \u516d\u3001\u8de8\u4e91\u4e0e\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u63a7\u5236\u5e73\u9762<\/strong><\/h3>\n

          \u968f\u7740\u591a\u4e91\u6218\u7565\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u7ba1\u7406\u8de8\u4e91\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u56e0\u4e0d\u540c\u4e91\u5382\u5546\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u5dee\u5f02\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

          eBPF\u7684\u5185\u6838\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5176\u5929\u7136\u9002\u914d\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u5e95\u5c42\u662fAWS\u3001Azure\u8fd8\u662f\u79c1\u6709OpenStack\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5747\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u540cAPI\u91c7\u96c6\u6307\u6807\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • \u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u8de8\u4e91\u540c\u6b65<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u548cCNI\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u53d1\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • \u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u6709\u4e91\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u6a21\u5f0f\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u9632\u5fa1\u89c4\u5219\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u8fb9\u7f18\u8282\u70b9\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u8fd9\u79cd\u8de8\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e91\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5de5\u5177\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ca\u9759\u6001\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u3002eBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ce8\u5165\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\uff0ceBPF\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u65f6\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u5851\u4e91\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\uff1a\u7a7f\u900f\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u201c\u900f\u89c6\u955c\u201d \u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u73af\u5883\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u96be\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u6216\u8c03\u5ea6\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u800c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53c8\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002 eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6c99\u76d2\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u8fd1\u4e4e\u96f6\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6355\u83b7\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56iptables\u6216Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u62d3\u6251\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5355\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u8f6c\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u201ceBPF\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e3a\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u201d \u4e00\u4f4d\u8d44\u6df1\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u2018\u9690\u85cf\u2019\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002\u201d \u4e8c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u201d \u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\uff08\u5982TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\uff09\u56e0\u591a\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002Kubernetes\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684Service Mesh\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a02-3\u6beb\u79d2\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002 eBPF\u901a\u8fc7XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u79fb\u81f3\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u53d8\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u52a0\u901f\uff1aFacebook\u7684Katran\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528XDP\u66ff\u4ee3kube-proxy\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u534710\u500d\uff1b DDoS\u9632\u5fa1\u524d\u7f6e\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u964d\u4f4eCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff1b \u534f\u8bae\u65c1\u8def\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCloudflare\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u7ed5\u8fc7TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0QUIC\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5c06\u5ef6\u8fdf\u964d\u4f4e40%\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5185\u6838\u65c1\u8def\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9eBPF\u6210\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5f15\u64ce\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u9769\u547d\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5b9e\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u201d \u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u5448\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u3001\u9690\u853d\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08IDS\uff09\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u96f6\u65e5\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002 eBPF\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4ef7\u503c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff1a \u5b9e\u65f6\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u6ce8\u5165\u68c0\u6d4b\u903b\u8f91\uff0ceBPF\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u62e6\u622a\u53ef\u7591\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFalco\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u76d1\u63a7\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\/bin\/sh\u5728\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u544a\u8b66\uff1b \u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Kubernetes\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u6839\u636ePod\u6807\u7b7e\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u906d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u9694\u79bb\u76f8\u5173\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u4ecb\u5165\u3002 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