{"id":33800,"date":"2025-03-07T11:12:39","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T03:12:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=33800"},"modified":"2025-03-07T11:12:39","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T03:12:39","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ebpf-%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e5%ae%9e%e9%99%85%e7%9a%84%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/33800.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 eBPF \u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VA7D2Q.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 eBPF \u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8de8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u548c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u74f6\u9888\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u4e1a\u52a1\u654f\u6377\u6027\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u5982tcpdump\u6216iptables\u867d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u9762\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u50cf\u7528\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ec6\u80de\u2014\u2014\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e14\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002\u800c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6b63\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3aLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5176\u5728<strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u7cbe\u51c6\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u96f6\u635f\u8017\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\u4e09\u5927\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u4f01\u4e1a\u5982Netflix\u3001Cloudflare\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\uff0cGoogle\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u5176Anthos\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u6311\u6218\">\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u6311\u6218\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8eBPF\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u89c2\u6d4b\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u6293\u5305\u5de5\u5177\u6355\u83b7\u6d77\u91cf\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u53f7\u6df9\u6ca1\u5728\u566a\u58f0\u4e2d\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u8fc7\u9ad8<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f00\u542ftcpdump\u6293\u53d610Gbps\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u801730%\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u4e4b\u91cd\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u9002\u5e94\u7f3a\u5931<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883IP\u5730\u5740\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u96be\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6548\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b63\u662feBPF\u6280\u672f\u7834\u5c40\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5207\u5165\u70b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fd0\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5<strong>\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/strong>\u6355\u83b7\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u9762\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u751a\u81f3\u7b56\u7565\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5c06Kubernetes\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7b2c7\u5c42\u6388\u6743\u51b3\u7b56\u8017\u65f6\u4ece\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u964d\u81f3\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-ebpf\u6280\u672f\u6808\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u8303\u5f0f\">\u4e8c\u3001eBPF\u6280\u672f\u6808\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u8303\u5f0f\uff1f<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"2-1-\u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u5230\u4e3b\u52a8\u9632\u5fa1\">2.1 \u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u5230\u4e3b\u52a8\u9632\u5fa1<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u4f9d\u8d56\u9608\u503c\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u5df2\u9020\u6210\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u800ceBPF\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u690d\u5165\u68c0\u6d4b\u70b9\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>\u524d\u6444\u5f0f\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728<code>tcp_retransmit_skb<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6302\u8f7d\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1TCP\u91cd\u4f20\u7387\n<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7XDP\uff08eXpress Data Path\uff09\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u4e22\u5f03DDoS\u653b\u51fb\u6d41\u91cf\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u8fbe\u52300.1%\u65f6\u5c31\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7b49\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u5361\u987f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-2-\u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u91c7\u6837\u5230\u7cbe\u51c6\u8ffd\u8e2a\">2.2 \u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u91c7\u6837\u5230\u7cbe\u51c6\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/h4>\n<p>\u501f\u52a9eBPF\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa<strong>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c\">SEC(&quot;kprobe\/tcp_drop&quot;)  \r\nint BPF_KPROBE(tcp_drop, struct sock *sk) {  \r\nu32 saddr = BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_rcv_saddr);  \r\nu32 daddr = BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_daddr);  \r\nbpf_printk(&quot;TCP\u8fde\u63a5 %pI4:%d -&gt; %pI4:%d \u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62&quot;,  \r\n&amp;saddr, BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_num),  \r\n&amp;daddr, BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_dport));  \r\nreturn 0;  \r\n}  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5185\u6838TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6392\u67e5\u5076\u53d1\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ec4\u91d1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-3-\u4ece\u5355\u70b9\u5de5\u5177\u5230\u5168\u666f\u89c6\u56fe\">2.3 \u4ece\u5355\u70b9\u5de5\u5177\u5230\u5168\u666f\u89c6\u56fe<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u8986\u76d6L2-L7\u7684\u5168\u6808\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tc\uff08Traffic Control\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5c42\u7edf\u8ba1QoS\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c\u6548\u679c\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>XDP<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ebf\u901f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u8f6c\u53d1\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>kprobe\/tracepoint<\/strong>\uff1a\u6355\u83b7socket\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Facebook\u7684Katran\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eXDP\uff0c\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0100Gbps\u7684L4\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e5%\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b-\u7528ebpf\u7834\u89e3\u56db\u5927\u5178\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\">\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u7528eBPF\u7834\u89e3\u56db\u5927\u5178\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"3-1-\u6848\u4f8b1-\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6bdb\u523a\u5b9a\u4f4d\">3.1 \u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6bdb\u523a\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h4>\n<p>\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u4f01\u4e1aKubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u9891\u7e41\u51fa\u73b0\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a81\u589e\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u65e0\u6cd5\u5173\u8054Pod\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72<strong>Pixie<\/strong>\u9879\u76ee\u7684eBPF\u63a2\u9488\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9bPod\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u7406\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684<code>softirq<\/code>\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u589e\u52a0300%\u3002\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u7f51\u5361\u4e2d\u65ad\u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u4e89\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-2-\u6848\u4f8b2-\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u94fe\u8def\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\">3.2 \u6848\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u94fe\u8def\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931<\/h4>\n<p>\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528Istio\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u4f46Jaeger\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5728\u7ea65%\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u501f\u52a9<strong>BCC\u5de5\u5177\u96c6<\/strong>\u7684<code>trace<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u76f4\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u8d85\u8fc71KB\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u91c7\u6837\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u81f399.99%\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-3-\u6848\u4f8b3-\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u98ce\u66b4\u6291\u5236\">3.3 \u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u98ce\u66b4\u6291\u5236<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u80b2\u5e73\u53f0\u5728\u4fc3\u9500\u671f\u95f4\u906d\u9047MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<strong>Cilium<\/strong>\u7684eBPF\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728socket\u521b\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u5b9e\u65bd\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u8fde\u63a5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u91cfSYN\u5305\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u7194\u65ad\n<\/li>\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8eUID\/GID\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5229\u7528\u7387\u7a33\u5b9a\u572885%\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9608\u503c\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-4-\u6848\u4f8b4-\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u8de8\u5730\u57df\u4f20\u8f93\u6210\u672c\u4f18\u5316\">3.4 \u6848\u4f8b4\uff1a\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u8de8\u5730\u57df\u4f20\u8f93\u6210\u672c\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f7f\u7528AWS Global Accelerator\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u989d\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u8d39\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684<strong>\u667a\u80fd\u8def\u7531\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u94fe\u8def\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u9009\u62e9\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5f53\u4e1c\u4eac\u5230\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8d85\u8fc7150ms\u65f6\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u4e3a\u4e1c\u4eac\u2192\u7845\u8c37\u2192\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u7684\u9636\u68af\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u6301SLA\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e23%\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u6784\u5efaebpf\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5316\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\">\u56db\u3001\u6784\u5efaeBPF\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5316\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ece\u89c2\u6d4b\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982BCC\u7684<code>tcpconnect<\/code>\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6280\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9010\u6b65\u5f15\u5165\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c\u7c7b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982Cilium\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u5168\u6808\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b<\/a>\u6027\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u95ed\u73af\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u672f<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528LLVM\u7f16\u8bd1eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u5f00\u542f<code>-mcpu=v3<\/code>\u4f18\u5316\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\n<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7<code>BPF_TYPE_CHECK<\/code>\u5b8f\u589e\u5f3a\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b89\u5168\u6027\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u4f7f\u7528<code>verifier<\/code>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u98ce\u9669\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6280\u672f\u9009\u578b\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u9700\u6c42\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<th>\u63a8\u8350\u5de5\u5177\/\u6846\u67b6<\/th>\n<th>\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n<td>Hubble\u3001Pixie<\/td>\n<td>L3-L7\u6d41\u91cf\u62d3\u6251\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<td>Cilium\u3001Calico<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u6bb5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u534f\u8bae\u4f18\u5316<\/td>\n<td>AF_XDP\u3001katran<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7528\u6237\u6001\u534f\u8bae\u6808<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n<td>Merbridge\u3001Kinvolk<\/td>\n<td>\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u670d\u52a1\u65e0\u7f1d\u901a\u4fe1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u907f\u514d\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u8ba1\u7b97<\/em>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u5728\u7eb3\u79d2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8de8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u548c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u74f6\u9888\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u4e1a\u52a1\u654f\u6377\u6027\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u5982tcpdump\u6216iptables\u867d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u9762\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u50cf\u7528\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ec6\u80de\u2014\u2014\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e14\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002\u800ceBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6b63\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3002 \u4f5c\u4e3aLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0ceBPF\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u3001\u4e0d\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7cbe\u51c6\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u96f6\u635f\u8017\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c\u4e09\u5927\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u77e5\u540d\u4f01\u4e1a\u5982Netflix\u3001Cloudflare\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\uff0cGoogle\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u5176Anthos\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u6311\u6218\uff1f \u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8eBPF\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9\uff1a \u89c2\u6d4b\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u6293\u5305\u5de5\u5177\u6355\u83b7\u6d77\u91cf\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u53f7\u6df9\u6ca1\u5728\u566a\u58f0\u4e2d \u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff1a\u5f00\u542ftcpdump\u6293\u53d610Gbps\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u801730%\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u4e4b\u91cd \u52a8\u6001\u9002\u5e94\u7f3a\u5931\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883IP\u5730\u5740\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u96be\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6548 \u8fd9\u6b63\u662feBPF\u6280\u672f\u7834\u5c40\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5207\u5165\u70b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fd0\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6355\u83b7\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u9762\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u751a\u81f3\u7b56\u7565\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5c06Kubernetes\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7b2c7\u5c42\u6388\u6743\u51b3\u7b56\u8017\u65f6\u4ece\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u964d\u81f3\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001eBPF\u6280\u672f\u6808\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u8303\u5f0f\uff1f 2.1 \u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u5230\u4e3b\u52a8\u9632\u5fa1 \u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u4f9d\u8d56\u9608\u503c\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u5df2\u9020\u6210\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u800ceBPF\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u690d\u5165\u68c0\u6d4b\u70b9\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u524d\u6444\u5f0f\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \u5728tcp_retransmit_skb\u51fd\u6570\u6302\u8f7d\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1TCP\u91cd\u4f20\u7387 \u901a\u8fc7XDP\uff08eXpress Data Path\uff09\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u4e22\u5f03DDoS\u653b\u51fb\u6d41\u91cf \u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u8fbe\u52300.1%\u65f6\u5c31\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7b49\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u5361\u987f\u3002 2.2 \u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u91c7\u6837\u5230\u7cbe\u51c6\u8ffd\u8e2a \u501f\u52a9eBPF\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1a SEC(&quot;kprobe\/tcp_drop&quot;) int BPF_KPROBE(tcp_drop, struct sock *sk) { u32 saddr = BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_rcv_saddr); u32 daddr = BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_daddr); bpf_printk(&quot;TCP\u8fde\u63a5 %pI4:%d -&gt; %pI4:%d \u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62&quot;, &amp;saddr, BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_num), &amp;daddr, BPF_CORE_READ(sk, __sk_common.skc_dport)); return 0; } \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5185\u6838TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6392\u67e5\u5076\u53d1\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ec4\u91d1\u6570\u636e\u3002 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