{"id":33824,"date":"2025-03-07T11:15:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T03:15:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=33824"},"modified":"2025-03-07T11:15:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T03:15:27","slug":"ebpf%e5%9c%a8%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%99%9a%e6%8b%9f%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/33824.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/FbHEgz.jpg\" alt=\"eBPF\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\u73b0\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75db\u70b9\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8eLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8<strong>eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u6f5c\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-ebpf-\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684-\u89e3\u8026\u5229\u5668\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001eBPF\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u201c\u89e3\u8026\u5229\u5668\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u4e4b\u95f4\u96be\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cOVS\uff08Open vSwitch\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u63d0\u5347\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u800c<strong>eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6c99\u76d2\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff0c\u7ed5\u5f00\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u952e\u7a81\u7834\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u591a\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u5185\u6838\u6216\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u6574\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Hook\u70b9\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001TC\uff09\u6355\u83b7\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u63d0\u4f9b\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa<strong>\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86Kubernetes\u7684kube-proxy\uff0c\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u534710\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u89e3\u6790\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\"><strong>1. \u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982tcpdump\uff09\u56e0\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u9ad8\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<strong>eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4e8e1%\u7684CPU\u5f00\u9500\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7279\u5b9aPod\u7684TCP\u91cd\u4f20\u7387\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/a><\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u5173\u8054\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u63d2\u7801\u7684\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u4fee\u6539\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6355\u83b7<\/strong>\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5982\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u89e6\u53d1\u5b9e\u65f6\u544a\u8b66\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Meta\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u529f\u5c06\u8bca\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\"><strong>2. \u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff08\u5982HAProxy\uff09\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u56e0\u914d\u7f6e\u50f5\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7684XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u5378\u8f7d\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0eSmartNIC\uff08\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u5361\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u903b\u8f91\u4e0b\u653e\u5230\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u53ef\u8fbe100Gbps\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u62e5\u585e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u65e0\u5173\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u7c7b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f18\u5148\u5904\u7406gRPC\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cloudflare\u5229\u7528XDP\u6784\u5efa\u7684DDoS\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u62e6\u622a\u4e86\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76842.5Tbps\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u843d\u5730\"><strong>3. \u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u843d\u5730<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u591a\u79df\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u57fa\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5bb9\u5668\u9891\u7e41\u542f\u505c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<strong>eBPF\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65bd\u5fae\u9694\u79bb\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u6807\u8bc6\uff08\u5982Kubernetes Label\uff09\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u654f\u611f\u64cd\u4f5c\u62e6\u622a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u963b\u65ad\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7279\u6743\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u5bc6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u7684TLS\u89e3\u5bc6Hook\u70b9\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u4ee3\u7406\u7684SSL\/TLS\u6d41\u91cf\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Google\u7684GKE Anthos\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1eBPF\u6f5c\u529b\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u843d\u5730\u4e2d\u4ecd\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7279\u6027\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56Linux\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\uff08\u97004.4\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u7edf\u4e00\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u73af\u5883\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f16\u5199\u5b89\u5168\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u719f\u6089\u5185\u6838\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u9636\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff08\u5982libbpf\u3001BCC\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684Map\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u9700\u7ed3\u5408BPF CO-RE\uff08Compile Once \u2013 Run Everywhere\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e1a\u754c\u9886\u5148\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6001<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u7528Cilium\u3001Falco\u7b49\u6210\u719f\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u5408\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5982XDP\uff09\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\uff0c\u975e\u5173\u952e\u529f\u80fd\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u538b\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Chaos Engineering\u9a8c\u8bc1eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b-\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u6e17\u900f\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b\uff1a\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u6e17\u900f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u968f\u7740eBPF\u5728Linux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u5f3a\uff08\u59822023\u5e74\u65b0\u589e\u7684arena\u5185\u5b58\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u8fb9\u754c\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u9769\u65b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u66ff\u4ee3Envoy\u7b49Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u62e6\u622a\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u4fb5\u5165\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6cbb\u7406\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f51\u7edc\u52a0\u901f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3aMySQL\u3001Redis\u7b49\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5f00\u9500\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u865a\u62df\u7f51\u7edc\u8986\u76d6\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>eBPF\u5c06\u63a8\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4ece\u201c\u4ee5\u786c\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u4ee5\u7b56\u7565\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\u73b0\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0ceBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75db\u70b9\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8eLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0ceBPF\u4e0d\u4ec5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002 \u4e00\u3001eBPF\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u201c\u89e3\u8026\u5229\u5668\u201d \u4f20\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u4e4b\u95f4\u96be\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cOVS\uff08Open vSwitch\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u63d0\u5347\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u800ceBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6c99\u76d2\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ed5\u5f00\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u952e\u7a81\u7834\uff1a \u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5904\u7406\uff1aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u591a\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1b \u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u5185\u6838\u6216\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u6574\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\uff1b \u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u89c2\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Hook\u70b9\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001TC\uff09\u6355\u83b7\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u63d0\u4f9b\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86Kubernetes\u7684kube-proxy\uff0c\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u534710\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u89e3\u6790 1. \u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027 \u5728\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982tcpdump\uff09\u56e0\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u9ad8\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4e8e1%\u7684CPU\u5f00\u9500\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a \u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7279\u5b9aPod\u7684TCP\u91cd\u4f20\u7387\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\uff1b \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u5173\u8054\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u63d2\u7801\u7684\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u4fee\u6539\uff1b \u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6355\u83b7\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5982\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u89e6\u53d1\u5b9e\u65f6\u544a\u8b66\u3002 Meta\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u529f\u5c06\u8bca\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u3002 2. \u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u91cf\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861 \u4f20\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff08\u5982HAProxy\uff09\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u56e0\u914d\u7f6e\u50f5\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002eBPF\u7684XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\uff1a \u786c\u4ef6\u5378\u8f7d\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0eSmartNIC\uff08\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u5361\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u903b\u8f91\u4e0b\u653e\u5230\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u53ef\u8fbe100Gbps\uff1b \u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u51b3\u7b56\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u62e5\u585e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1b \u534f\u8bae\u65e0\u5173\u6027\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u7c7b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f18\u5148\u5904\u7406gRPC\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 Cloudflare\u5229\u7528XDP\u6784\u5efa\u7684DDoS\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u62e6\u622a\u4e86\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76842.5Tbps\u653b\u51fb\u3002 3. \u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u843d\u5730 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