{"id":34045,"date":"2025-03-10T16:33:08","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T08:33:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34045"},"modified":"2025-03-10T16:33:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T08:33:08","slug":"ebpf%e5%9c%a8%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8c%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34045.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/09Q9z6z2R2.jpg\" alt=\"eBPF\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u4e95\u55b7\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c<strong>Linux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u6b63\u6084\u7136\u6539\u53d8\u7740\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u56e0\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u9ad8\u95e8\u69db\u9971\u53d7\u8bdf\u75c5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3a<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u6280\u672f\u51ed\u501f\u5176<strong>\u6c99\u7bb1\u5316\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong>\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/a>\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u6380\u8d77\u9769\u65b0\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u9879&rdquo;\u5185\u6838\u9ed1\u79d1\u6280&rdquo;\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00\u5176\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-ebpf\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5b9a\u4f4d-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u6865\u6881\">\u4e00\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u6865\u6881<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a<strong>Linux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff0ceBPF\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a\u5f53\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u70b9\uff08\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\uff09\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u9694\u79bb\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u6709eBPF\u4ee3\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u754c\u7b49\u98ce\u9669\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5373\u53ef\u66f4\u65b0\u89c2\u6d4b\u903b\u8f91\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u65e0\u635f<\/strong>\uff1aJIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8f6c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347200%\u4ee5\u4e0a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u6267\u884c\u673a\u5236\u56db\u6b65\u66f2-\u4ece\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5230\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6267\u884c\u673a\u5236\u56db\u6b65\u66f2\uff1a\u4ece\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5230\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5\">1. <strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528C\u6216Rust\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\uff0cLLVM\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a<strong>eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u793a\uff08IR\uff09\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\uff08\u4ec5\u965064\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u663e\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u68c0\u67e5\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u6b62\u5faa\u73af\uff08\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\uff09\u6216\u6709\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7<code>bpf()<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001kprobe\uff09\u63d0\u4ea4\u81f3\u5185\u6838\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8<strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff08Verifier\uff09<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u662feBPF\u5b89\u5168\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668-\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5b88\u95e8\u4eba\">2. <strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5b88\u95e8\u4eba<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08DFS\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u56fe\uff08CFG\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8d85\u8fc770\u9879\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7<code>bpf_probe_read<\/code>\u7b49\u5b89\u5168API\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8d44\u6e90\u7ea6\u675f<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4512\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\u9650\u5236\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc74096\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u73af\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a5.3+\u5185\u6838\u652f\u6301\u6709\u754c\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8bc1\u660e\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6b65\u9aa4\u7ec8\u6b62\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u88ab\u5206\u914d<strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u4e8e&rdquo;\u5f85\u6fc0\u6d3b&rdquo;\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1-jit-\u9636\u6bb5\">3. <strong>\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08JIT\uff09\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u7684JIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong>\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4ee5x86_64\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-plaintext\">eBPF\u6307\u4ee4\uff1aadd32 reg1, 0x1a  \r\n\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\uff1a  48 83 c0 1a          add    $0x1a,%rax  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>JIT\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u63a5\u8fd1\u539f\u751f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u53ef\u8fbe20Mpps\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4-\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\">4. <strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u6302\u94a9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684<code>struct xdp_md<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>BPF Map<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Perf Buffer<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u4f20\u8f93\u901a\u9053\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/strong>\uff08XDP\u573a\u666f\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u65b0\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u7684BPF exporter\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89e6\u53d1\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff09\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\">\u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<p>eBPF\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5e76\u975e\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u662f<strong>\u5206\u5c42\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong>\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u6c99\u7bb1\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u6b62\u9664\u8df3\u8f6c\u5916\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6539\u53d8\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528helper\u51fd\u6570\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u6709\u6307\u9488\u8bbf\u95ee\u524d\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u8fb9\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9632\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Spectre\u6f0f\u6d1e\u9632\u5fa1\uff1a5.13+\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5165<code>bpf_spectre_mask<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5730\u5740\u968f\u673a\u5316\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u91cd\u5199\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>CAP_BPF\u80fd\u529b\u63a7\u5236\u52a0\u8f7d\u6743\u9650\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b7e\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff085.15+\u5185\u6838\u652f\u6301\uff09\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5176\u7834\u574f\u8303\u56f4\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\">\u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u7a81\u7834\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff0ceBPF\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u9879\u521b\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>JIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6620\u5c04\u4f18\u5316\uff08x86_64\u4f7f\u7528R15\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528\u652f\u6301\uff08\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u94fe\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\uff09\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>XDP\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5cDMA\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\n<\/li>\n<li>AF_XDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ed5\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6279\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u706b\u7130\u56fe\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6279\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u4f7f<code>kprobe<\/code>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u53478\u500d\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636eCloudflare\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0ceBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684DDoS\u9632\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u8282\u770178%\u7684CPU\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u964d\u81f3\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5f81\">\u4e94\u3001\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5f81<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c55\u73b0\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u573a\u666f<\/th>\n<th>\u6302\u94a9\u70b9<\/th>\n<th>\u6267\u884c\u9891\u7387<\/th>\n<th>\u5173\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/td>\n<td>XDP\u3001TC<\/td>\n<td>\u6bcf\u5305\u89e6\u53d1<\/td>\n<td>\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/td>\n<td>kprobe\/uprobe<\/td>\n<td>\u767e\u4e07\u6b21\/\u79d2<\/td>\n<td>\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7<\/td>\n<td>seccomp<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u62e6\u622a<\/td>\n<td>\u7b56\u7565\u5339\u914d\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n<td>perf_event<\/td>\n<td>\u5b9a\u65f6\u91c7\u6837<\/td>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u5728Cilium\u7684Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531\uff08Direct Routing\uff09<\/strong>\u66ff\u4ee3iptables\uff0c\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u538b\u7f29\u81f3\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u98de\u8dc3\u6b63\u662f\u6e90\u4e8eeBPF\u6307\u4ee4\u5728JIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5<strong>\u7ebf\u901f\uff08Wire-speed\uff09<\/strong>\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u4e95\u55b7\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0cLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6280\u672f\u6b63\u6084\u7136\u6539\u53d8\u7740\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u5f00\u53d1\u56e0\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u9ad8\u95e8\u69db\u9971\u53d7\u8bdf\u75c5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aeBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u7684\u6280\u672f\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u6c99\u7bb1\u5316\u6267\u884c\u548c\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u6380\u8d77\u9769\u65b0\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u9879&rdquo;\u5185\u6838\u9ed1\u79d1\u6280&rdquo;\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00\u5176\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002 \u4e00\u3001eBPF\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u6865\u6881 \u4f5c\u4e3aLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\u6846\u67b6\uff0ceBPF\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a\u5f53\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u70b9\uff08\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\uff09\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684eBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff1a \u5b89\u5168\u9694\u79bb\u6027\uff1a\u6240\u6709eBPF\u4ee3\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u754c\u7b49\u98ce\u9669 \u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5373\u53ef\u66f4\u65b0\u89c2\u6d4b\u903b\u8f91 \u6027\u80fd\u65e0\u635f\uff1aJIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8f6c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347200%\u4ee5\u4e0a \u4e8c\u3001\u6267\u884c\u673a\u5236\u56db\u6b65\u66f2\uff1a\u4ece\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5230\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4 1. \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5 \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528C\u6216Rust\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\uff0cLLVM\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aeBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\u793a\uff08IR\uff09\u5305\u542b\uff1a \u53d7\u9650\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\uff08\u4ec5\u965064\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09 \u663e\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u68c0\u67e5 \u7981\u6b62\u5faa\u73af\uff08\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\uff09\u6216\u6709\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784 \u901a\u8fc7bpf()\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001kprobe\uff09\u63d0\u4ea4\u81f3\u5185\u6838\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff08Verifier\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u662feBPF\u5b89\u5168\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002 2. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5b88\u95e8\u4eba \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08DFS\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u56fe\uff08CFG\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8d85\u8fc770\u9879\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a \u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7bpf_probe_read\u7b49\u5b89\u5168API \u7c7b\u578b\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4 \u8d44\u6e90\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4512\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\u9650\u5236\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc74096 \u5faa\u73af\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a5.3+\u5185\u6838\u652f\u6301\u6709\u754c\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8bc1\u660e\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u5728\u6709\u9650\u6b65\u9aa4\u7ec8\u6b62 \u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u4e8e&rdquo;\u5f85\u6fc0\u6d3b&rdquo;\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u3002 3. \u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08JIT\uff09\u9636\u6bb5 \u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u7684JIT\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u52a8\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4ee5x86_64\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a eBPF\u6307\u4ee4\uff1aadd32 reg1, 0x1a 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