{"id":34138,"date":"2025-03-10T16:44:16","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T08:44:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34138"},"modified":"2025-03-10T16:44:16","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T08:44:16","slug":"prometheus%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e5%92%8c%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%a2%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34138.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/09F6qBui.jpg\" alt=\"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u540c\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u7684&rdquo;\u5fc3\u7535\u56fe\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eea&rdquo;\uff0c\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5f53\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u653b\u575a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6218\u573a\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u4ee5\u72ec\u7279\u7684<strong>\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u81ea\u7814\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u6746\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u5229\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u505a\u5230\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u6311\u6218\">\u4e00\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5177\u6709<strong>\u5e26\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u5199\u5165\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027<\/strong>\u4e09\u5927\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684B+\u6811\u7d22\u5f15\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u533a\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Block\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aBlock\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u4e3aChunk\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u6807\u503c\uff0cIndex\u6587\u4ef6\u7ef4\u62a4\u6807\u7b7e\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cMeta\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5143\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd&rdquo;\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b&rdquo;\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u7ebf\u6027\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u65b02\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u7684Head Block\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u5408<strong>\u9884\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7(WAL)<\/strong>\u673a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0cHead Block\u4f1a\u51bb\u7ed3\u4e3a\u6301\u4e45\u5316Block\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u540e\u53f0\u538b\u7f29\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5c06\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u8de8\u5ea6\u7684Block\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de7\u5999\u5e73\u8861\u4e86\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u663e\u793a\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u652f\u6491\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6837\u672c\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-tsdb\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u54f2\u5b66\">\u4e8c\u3001TSDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u54f2\u5b66<\/h3>\n<p>Prometheus\u81ea\u7814\u7684<strong>TSDB(Time Series Database)<\/strong>\u662f\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u58c1\u5792\u3002\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\u91c7\u7528\u7eb5\u5206\u6a2a\u5408\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u7eb5\u5411\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u7247\u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u6a2a\u5411\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u54c8\u5e0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7531Metric Name\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>http_requests_total{method=&quot;POST&quot;,status=&quot;200&quot;}<\/code>\u4f1a\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u54c8\u5e0cID\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\u91c7\u7528\u6539\u8fdb\u7684<strong>Gorilla Delta-of-Delta<\/strong>\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4f7f\u7528\u5dee\u5206\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\u91c7\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u4f7f\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f29\u51cf\u81f3\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u76841\/3\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91c7\u7528<strong>mmap\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u65e2\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u53cc\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u53c8\u4fdd\u8bc1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u9875\u9762\u6362\u5165\u6362\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-promql\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\">\u4e09\u3001PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u67e5\u8be2\u573a\u666f\uff0cPrometheus\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00<strong>PromQL(Prometheus Query Language)<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7269\u7406\u8ba1\u5212\u4f18\u5316\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u89e3\u6790<code>sum(rate(http_requests_total[5m])) by (service)<\/code>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u7d22\u5f15\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94Chunk\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u60f0\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\u4e24\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u64ce\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u52a0\u8f7d\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4ec5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd<strong>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u4f7f\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e40%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848\">\u56db\u3001\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<p>\u867d\u7136Prometheus\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5355\u673a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u8054\u90a6\u96c6\u7fa4<\/strong>\u548c<strong>Thanos\/Cortex<\/strong>\u7b49\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u67b6\u6784\u91c7\u7528\u6811\u72b6\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42Prometheus\u4ece\u4e0b\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u62c9\u53d6\u805a\u5408\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e2\u4fdd\u6301\u5404\u8282\u70b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u5c40\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e<strong>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\u5bf9\u63a5\uff0c\u5c06\u65e7Block\u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3S3\u7b49\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7Sidecar\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u900f\u660e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5f15\u5165<strong>\u5199\u5165\u6279\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u3002\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5148\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u540e\u6279\u91cf\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6279\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7fSSD\u7684\u5199\u5165\u541e\u5410\u63d0\u53473\u500d\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u91c7\u7528Slab\u5206\u914d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684GC\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u964d\u4f4eJVM\u5e94\u752830%\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u5b9e\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u7b56\u7565\">\u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e<strong>\u4fdd\u7559\u671f\u9650<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5206\u5757\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06Block\u65f6\u957f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a2\u5c0f\u65f6\u6574\u6570\u500d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5468\u671f\u3002\u5f53\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\u8d85\u8fc710\u4e07\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574<code>max_samples_per_send<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u907f\u514d\u5355\u4e2a\u6279\u6b21\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u89c4\u5219\u9884\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97<code>rate()<\/code>\u7b49\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u4ece\u79d2\u7ea7\u964d\u81f3\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa<strong>\u57fa\u6570\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u7528\u6237ID\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u91cf\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Kubernetes\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u542f\u7528<strong>ServiceMonitor<\/strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u6293\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u6807\u7b7e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\uff0cPrometheus\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u9886\u57df\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u5bf9\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u968f\u7740v3.0\u7248\u672c\u5bf9WAL\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5199\u5165\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u4ecd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7a81\u7834\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u540c\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u7684&rdquo;\u5fc3\u7535\u56fe\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eea&rdquo;\uff0c\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5f53\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u653b\u575a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6218\u573a\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0cPrometheus\u4ee5\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u81ea\u7814\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u6746\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u5229\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u505a\u5230\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u6311\u6218 \u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5177\u6709\u5e26\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u5199\u5165\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u4e09\u5927\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684B+\u6811\u7d22\u5f15\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5199\u5165\u653e\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002Prometheus\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u91c7\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u533a\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u5206\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Block\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aBlock\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u4e3aChunk\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u6807\u503c\uff0cIndex\u6587\u4ef6\u7ef4\u62a4\u6807\u7b7e\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cMeta\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5143\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd&rdquo;\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b&rdquo;\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u7ebf\u6027\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002 \u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u65b02\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u7684Head Block\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u9884\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7(WAL)\u673a\u5236\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0cHead Block\u4f1a\u51bb\u7ed3\u4e3a\u6301\u4e45\u5316Block\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u540e\u53f0\u538b\u7f29\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5c06\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u8de8\u5ea6\u7684Block\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de7\u5999\u5e73\u8861\u4e86\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u663e\u793a\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u652f\u6491\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6837\u672c\u5199\u5165\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001TSDB\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u54f2\u5b66 Prometheus\u81ea\u7814\u7684TSDB(Time Series Database)\u662f\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u58c1\u5792\u3002\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\u91c7\u7528\u7eb5\u5206\u6a2a\u5408\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u7eb5\u5411\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u7247\u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u6a2a\u5411\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u54c8\u5e0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u7d22\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7531Metric Name\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982http_requests_total{method=&quot;POST&quot;,status=&quot;200&quot;}\u4f1a\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u54c8\u5e0cID\u3002 \u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\u91c7\u7528\u6539\u8fdb\u7684Gorilla Delta-of-Delta\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4f7f\u7528\u5dee\u5206\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\u91c7\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u635f\u538b\u7f29\u4f7f\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f29\u51cf\u81f3\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u76841\/3\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91c7\u7528mmap\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u65e2\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u53cc\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u53c8\u4fdd\u8bc1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u9875\u9762\u6362\u5165\u6362\u51fa\u3002 \u4e09\u3001PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f18\u5316 \u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u67e5\u8be2\u573a\u666f\uff0cPrometheus\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL(Prometheus Query Language)\u3002\u5176\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u8bed\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7269\u7406\u8ba1\u5212\u4f18\u5316\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u89e3\u6790sum(rate(http_requests_total[5m])) by (service)\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u7d22\u5f15\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94Chunk\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u60f0\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u4e24\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u64ce\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u52a0\u8f7d\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4ec5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e40%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848 \u867d\u7136Prometheus\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5355\u673a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u8054\u90a6\u96c6\u7fa4\u548cThanos\/Cortex\u7b49\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u67b6\u6784\u91c7\u7528\u6811\u72b6\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42Prometheus\u4ece\u4e0b\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u62c9\u53d6\u805a\u5408\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e2\u4fdd\u6301\u5404\u8282\u70b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u5c40\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u63a5\uff0c\u5c06\u65e7Block\u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3S3\u7b49\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7Sidecar\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u900f\u660e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5f15\u5165\u5199\u5165\u6279\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u6280\u672f\u3002\u91c7\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5148\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u540e\u6279\u91cf\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6279\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7fSSD\u7684\u5199\u5165\u541e\u5410\u63d0\u53473\u500d\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\u91c7\u7528Slab\u5206\u914d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684GC\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u964d\u4f4eJVM\u5e94\u752830%\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3002 \u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u7b56\u7565 \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fdd\u7559\u671f\u9650\u548c\u5206\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06Block\u65f6\u957f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a2\u5c0f\u65f6\u6574\u6570\u500d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5468\u671f\u3002\u5f53\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\u8d85\u8fc710\u4e07\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574max_samples_per_send\u53c2\u6570\u907f\u514d\u5355\u4e2a\u6279\u6b21\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u89c4\u5219\u9884\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97rate()\u7b49\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8017\u65f6\u4ece\u79d2\u7ea7\u964d\u81f3\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002 \u6807\u7b7e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u57fa\u6570\u63a7\u5236\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u7528\u6237ID\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u91cf\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Kubernetes\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u542f\u7528ServiceMonitor\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u6293\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u6807\u7b7e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6027\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\uff0cPrometheus\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u9886\u57df\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u5bf9\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u968f\u7740v3.0\u7248\u672c\u5bf9WAL\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5199\u5165\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u4ecd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7a81\u7834\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":34139,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-product-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34138"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34140,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34138\/revisions\/34140"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}