{"id":34447,"date":"2025-03-10T17:22:11","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T09:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34447"},"modified":"2025-03-10T17:22:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T09:22:11","slug":"%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e9%93%be%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%af%95%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34447.html","title":{"rendered":"\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u4e0a\u767e\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6b21\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8d85\u65f6\u6216\u77ac\u65f6\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u8bd5\u201d\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u5374\u9690\u85cf\u7740\u5bb9\u9519\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6280\u672f\u535a\u5f08\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u94fe<\/a>\u4e2d\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u5f53\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u707e\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u77ed\u6682\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u77ac\u65f6\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u6545\u969c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u6b21API\u8c03\u7528\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5728\u77ed\u6682\u7b49\u5f85\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc760%\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u5e76\u975e\u4e07\u80fd\u94a5\u5319\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u4ee3\u7801\u7f3a\u9677\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6b7b\u9501\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ea\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u9996\u8981\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219<\/h3>\n

1. \u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u91cd\u8bd5\u884c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u4e8e\u53ef\u63a7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u5927\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570<\/strong>\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694<\/strong>\u7b49\u9608\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7535\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc73\u6b21\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u53cd\u590d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u8d44\u91d1\u91cd\u590d\u6263\u6b3e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\u9700\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6210\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565\uff08Backoff\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u5267\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f<\/strong>\uff08Exponential Backoff\uff09\u6216\u968f\u673a\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\uff08Jitter\uff09\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5206\u6563\u91cd\u8bd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u7b49\u5f85100ms\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7b49\u5f85200ms\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e2\u80fd\u7ed9\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u60ca\u7fa4\u6548\u5e94\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5f02\u5e38\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7194\u65ad\u7ed3\u5408<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u9002\u5408\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cHTTP 400\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u800cHTTP 500\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u7194\u65ad\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff08\u5982Hystrix\u6216Sentinel\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u8fde\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7194\u65ad\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u7ea7\u8054\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n

1. \u56fa\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u91cd\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\u91cd\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6210\u529f\u6216\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u98ce\u66b4\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f+\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694=\u57fa\u6570\u00d72^(\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570)\u00b1\u968f\u673a\u503c\u201d<\/em>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u88abAWS\u3001Google Cloud\u7b49\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u6b65\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u7194\u65ad\u5668\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u7194\u65ad\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u534a\u5f00\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5c11\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u8bd5\u63a2\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6062\u590d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e510\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u8d85\u8fc750%\uff0c\u5219\u7194\u65ad\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u6bcf\u969430\u79d2\u653e\u884c1\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u63a2\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5219\u5173\u95ed\u7194\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u91cd\u8bd5\u4e0e\u964d\u7ea7\u914d\u5408<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u9700\u89e6\u53d1\u964d\u7ea7\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8bc4\u8bba\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5148\u7f13\u5b58\u8bc4\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u6062\u590d\u540e\u5f02\u6b65\u8865\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u6697\u9762\u201d\u4e0e\u89c4\u907f\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

1. \u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201d<\/em> \u82e5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\u672a\u505a\u5e42\u7b49\u6821\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u591a\u6b21\u6263\u6b3e\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u8bf7\u6c42ID<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u53bb\u91cd\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u6216\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u5199\u5165\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. \u91cd\u8bd5\u98ce\u66b4\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    \u67d0\u670d\u52a1\u77ed\u6682\u6545\u969c\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u521a\u6062\u590d\u5c31\u88ab\u518d\u6b21\u51fb\u57ae\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f13\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91c7\u7528\u968f\u673a\u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    • \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd4\u56deRetry-After\u5934\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u544a\u77e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3. \u957f\u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u653e\u5927<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      \u9891\u7e41\u91cd\u8bd5\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u67d0\u670d\u52a1\u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a200ms\uff0c\u4f46\u7ecf\u53863\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230800ms\u3002\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u91cd\u8bd5\uff08\u5982\u5c06\u5931\u8d25\u8bf7\u6c42\u5199\u5165\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u7531\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\uff09\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        \u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u7535\u5546\u8ba2\u5355\u652f\u4ed8\u94fe\u8def<\/h3>\n

        \u5047\u8bbe\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u5355\u540e\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u98ce\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u7f51\u5173<\/strong>\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u98ce\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u56e0\u6d89\u53ca\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cd\u6b3a\u8bc8\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u91cd\u8bd52\u6b21\uff0c\u95f4\u9694100ms\uff1b\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u963b\u65ad\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\n<\/li>\n
        2. \u652f\u4ed8\u7f51\u5173\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\uff08\u521d\u59cb200ms\uff0c\u4e0a\u96503\u6b21\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n
        3. \u5e93\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u82e5\u6263\u51cf\u5e93\u5b58\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u53ef\u9760\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u7531\u8865\u507f\u4efb\u52a1\u5468\u671f\u6027\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u901a\u8fc7Sentinel\u76d1\u63a7\u5404\u73af\u8282\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7387\uff0c\u5f53\u652f\u4ed8\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u8d85\u8fc730%\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u7194\u65ad\uff0c\u5e76\u964d\u7ea7\u5230\u5907\u7528\u652f\u4ed8\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u4e0a\u767e\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6b21\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8d85\u65f6\u6216\u77ac\u65f6\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u9ad8\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u6210\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cd\u8bd5\u201d\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u5374\u9690\u85cf\u7740\u5bb9\u9519\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u96ea\u5d29\u98ce\u9669\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6280\u672f\u535a\u5f08\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u5f53\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u707e\u96be\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\uff1f \u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u77ed\u6682\u8fc7\u8f7d\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u8017\u5c3d\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u77ac\u65f6\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u6545\u969c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u6b21API\u8c03\u7528\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5728\u77ed\u6682\u7b49\u5f85\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002 \u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc760%\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u5e76\u975e\u4e07\u80fd\u94a5\u5319\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u4ee3\u7801\u7f3a\u9677\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6b7b\u9501\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ea\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u9996\u8981\u524d\u63d0\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219 1. \u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027 \u91cd\u8bd5\u884c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u4e8e\u53ef\u63a7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u5927\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694\u7b49\u9608\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7535\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc73\u6b21\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u53cd\u590d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u8d44\u91d1\u91cd\u590d\u6263\u6b3e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\u9700\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6210\u529f\u7387\u4e0e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53d8\u5316\u3002 2. \u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565\uff08Backoff\uff09 \u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u5267\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\uff08Exponential Backoff\uff09\u6216\u968f\u673a\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08Jitter\uff09\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5206\u6563\u91cd\u8bd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u7b49\u5f85100ms\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7b49\u5f85200ms\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e2\u80fd\u7ed9\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u60ca\u7fa4\u6548\u5e94\u201d\u3002 3. \u5f02\u5e38\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7194\u65ad\u7ed3\u5408 \u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u9002\u5408\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cHTTP 400\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u800cHTTP 500\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u7194\u65ad\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982Hystrix\u6216Sentinel\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u8fde\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7194\u65ad\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u7ea7\u8054\u6545\u969c\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0 1. \u56fa\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u91cd\u8bd5 \u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\u91cd\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6210\u529f\u6216\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u98ce\u66b4\u201d\u3002 2. \u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f+\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8 \u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694=\u57fa\u6570\u00d72^(\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570)\u00b1\u968f\u673a\u503c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u88abAWS\u3001Google Cloud\u7b49\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u968f\u673a\u6296\u52a8\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u6b65\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u538b\u529b\u3002 3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u7194\u65ad\u5668\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574 \u5f53\u7194\u65ad\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u534a\u5f00\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5c11\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\u8bd5\u63a2\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u6062\u590d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e510\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5931\u8d25\u7387\u8d85\u8fc750%\uff0c\u5219\u7194\u65ad\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u6bcf\u969430\u79d2\u653e\u884c1\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u63a2\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5219\u5173\u95ed\u7194\u65ad\u3002 4. \u91cd\u8bd5\u4e0e\u964d\u7ea7\u914d\u5408 \u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u94fe\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u9700\u89e6\u53d1\u964d\u7ea7\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8bc4\u8bba\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5148\u7f13\u5b58\u8bc4\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u6062\u590d\u540e\u5f02\u6b65\u8865\u53d1\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u6697\u9762\u201d\u4e0e\u89c4\u907f\u65b9\u6848 1. \u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u95ee\u9898 \u201c\u91cd\u8bd5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u201d \u82e5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\u672a\u505a\u5e42\u7b49\u6821\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u591a\u6b21\u6263\u6b3e\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u8bf7\u6c42ID\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u53bb\u91cd\uff1b \u4f7f\u7528\u4e50\u89c2\u9501\u6216\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u5199\u5165\u3002 2. \u91cd\u8bd5\u98ce\u66b4\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d \u67d0\u670d\u52a1\u77ed\u6682\u6545\u969c\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u521a\u6062\u590d\u5c31\u88ab\u518d\u6b21\u51fb\u57ae\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f13\u89e3\uff1a \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91c7\u7528\u968f\u673a\u9000\u907f\u7b56\u7565\uff1b \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd4\u56deRetry-After\u5934\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u544a\u77e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e94\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 3. \u957f\u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u653e\u5927 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