{"id":34558,"date":"2025-03-10T17:35:55","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T09:35:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34558"},"modified":"2025-03-10T17:35:55","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T09:35:55","slug":"ebpf%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%a0%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84bpf%e6%9c%89%e4%bd%95%e6%9c%ac%e8%b4%a8%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34558.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684BPF\u6709\u4f55\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Fok61k.jpg\" alt=\"eBPF\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684BPF\u6709\u4f55\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u9886\u57df\uff0c&rdquo;\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387&rdquo;\u548c&rdquo;\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u80fd\u529b&rdquo;\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u56f0\u6270\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96be\u9898\u30021992\u5e74\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u7ecf\u5178BPF\uff08Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u66fe\u7528\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236\u6539\u5199\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u5e26\u6765\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u76f4\u52302014\u5e74Linux\u5185\u68383.18\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u4ee3\u53f7\u4e3a<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended BPF\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u6084\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u9759\u9ed8\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u5851\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5230\u901a\u7528\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce\">\u4e00\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5230\u901a\u7528\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u662f<strong>\u9ad8\u6548\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u50cf\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u9f7f\u8f6e\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210BPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7syscall\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u7531\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7684BPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08JIT\uff09\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7801\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u6210\u529f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u534720\u500d\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e<strong>\u5355\u4e00\u7528\u9014\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ec5\u652f\u630132\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u300116\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u69fd\u4f4d\u548c\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u5728\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u4e86<strong>\u901a\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u5f15\u516564\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u652f\u6301\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5e76\u6269\u5c55\u51fa10\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Program Type\uff09\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5c06\u5355\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5256\u6790<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Linux\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005Thomas Graf\u66fe\u8fd9\u6837\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a&rdquo;eBPF\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u3002&rdquo;\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u91cd\u5851\u4f7f\u5f97\u5185\u6838\u529f\u80fd\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7deBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u70ed\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u865a\u62df\u673a\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8dc3\u8fc1\">\u4e8c\u3001\u865a\u62df\u673a\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8dc3\u8fc1<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u53cc\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff08A\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0cX\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u867d\u7136\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e25\u91cd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u53cd\u89c2eBPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u91c7\u7528<strong>RISC-like\u768411\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\uff08R0-R10\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff08Helper Function\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5f15\u5165\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u6838-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\n<\/li>\n<li>\u589e\u52a0\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528\uff08Tail Call\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<strong>\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff0c\u5355\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3TCP\u3001HTTP\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u66f4\u51f8\u663e\u672c\u8d28\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u91c7\u7528\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ec5\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u8df3\u8f6c\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u800ceBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u5f15\u5165<strong>\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5206\u6790\uff08Data Flow Analysis\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u56fe\uff08CFG\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u65e0\u6548\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u7b49\u6df1\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6839\u636e2023\u5e74Linux\u5185\u6838\u5b89\u5168\u62a5\u544a\uff0ceBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u62e6\u622a\u4e8687%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u9669\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8bef\u5224\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e0.3%\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\u5230\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9769\u547d\">\u4e09\u3001\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\u5230\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9769\u547d<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u72b9\u5982\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e0e\u54c8\u52c3\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u4f9d\u8d56<strong>tcpdump\/libpcap\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u800ceBPF\u901a\u8fc7BCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09\u548clibbpf\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u80fd\u6355\u83b7\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3001\u5806\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7b49<strong>\u5168\u6808\u7ea7\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u5dee\u5f02\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th>\n<th>\u4f20\u7edfBPF<\/th>\n<th>eBPF<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u6df1\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5934<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5806\u6808<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6267\u884c\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808<\/td>\n<td>\u4efb\u610f\u5185\u6838\/\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\u5bfc\u51fa<\/td>\n<td>\u5b9e\u65f6\u805a\u5408\u7edf\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017<\/td>\n<td>\u5355\u6838CPU 15%<\/td>\n<td>\u5355\u6838CPU %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u7387\u8dc3\u5347\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u573a\u666f\u5c24\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002Netflix\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u91cd\u5199\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u964d\u4f4e92%\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u5b9e\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4bRPC\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<strong>eBPF for Windows<\/strong>\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u529f\u79fb\u690d\u66f4\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5fae\u8f6fAzure\u56e2\u961f\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Hyper-V\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u96f6\u635f\u8017\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb\">\u56db\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u7684\u6c99\u7bb1\u673a\u5236\u5982\u540c\u7269\u7406\u9694\u79bb\u8231\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u6307\u4ee4\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u8303\u56f4\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u800ceBPF\u6784\u5efa\u4e86<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u9a8c\u8bc1+\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9632\u62a4<\/strong>\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u9632\u5fa1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u6307\u4ee4\u6a21\u62df\uff08Simulation\uff09\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u8f7d\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7b7e\u540d\uff08BTF\uff09\u6821\u9a8c\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\uff1a\u501f\u52a9\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08BPF_F_NO_SUBREPT\uff09\u9632\u6b62\u6743\u9650\u9003\u9038\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7feBPF\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u96be\u4ee5\u4f01\u53ca\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFalco\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5bb9\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u53ef\u7591\u7684\/bin\/sh\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u5728<strong>20\u5fae\u79d2\u5185\u89e6\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5feb\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u751f\u6001\u7684\u88c2\u53d8\u6548\u5e94\">\u4e94\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u751f\u6001\u7684\u88c2\u53d8\u6548\u5e94<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u957f\u671f\u5c40\u9650\u4e8etcpdump\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u901a\u5185\u6838\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u624d\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7<strong>LLVM\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/strong>\u548cCO-RE\uff08Compile Once &#8211; Run Everywhere\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u7528C\/C++\u3001Rust\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u53ef\u8de8\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7e41\u8363\u50ac\u751f\u51fa\u5168\u65b0\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>bpftrace<\/strong>\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3cDTrace\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5355\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ffd\u8e2a\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Katran<\/strong>\uff1aFacebook\u5f00\u6e90\u76844\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u79d24000\u4e07\u8bf7\u6c42\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hubble<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u5e73\u53f0<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636e2023\u5e74eBPF\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5df2\u6709\u8d85\u8fc761%\u7684\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72eBPF\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6001\u9879\u76ee\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8fbe\u5230\u6bcf\u5e74217%\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6280\u672f\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8d28\u53d8\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u52bf\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u9886\u57df\uff0c&rdquo;\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387&rdquo;\u548c&rdquo;\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u80fd\u529b&rdquo;\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u56f0\u6270\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96be\u9898\u30021992\u5e74\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u7ecf\u5178BPF\uff08Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u66fe\u7528\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236\u6539\u5199\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u5e26\u6765\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u76f4\u52302014\u5e74Linux\u5185\u68383.18\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u4ee3\u53f7\u4e3aeBPF\uff08Extended BPF\uff09\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u6084\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u9759\u9ed8\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u5851\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5230\u901a\u7528\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce \u4f20\u7edfBPF\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u662f\u9ad8\u6548\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u50cf\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u9f7f\u8f6e\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210BPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7syscall\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u7531\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7684BPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08JIT\uff09\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7801\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u6210\u529f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u534720\u500d\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u7528\u9014\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4ec5\u652f\u630132\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u300116\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u69fd\u4f4d\u548c\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u3002 eBPF\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u5728\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5b83\u5f15\u516564\u4f4d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u652f\u6301\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u5e76\u6269\u5c55\u51fa10\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Program Type\uff09\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5c06\u5355\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a \u5b9e\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62 \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7 \u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5256\u6790 \u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9694\u79bb Linux\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005Thomas Graf\u66fe\u8fd9\u6837\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a&rdquo;eBPF\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u3002&rdquo;\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u91cd\u5851\u4f7f\u5f97\u5185\u6838\u529f\u80fd\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e0d\u518d\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7deBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u70ed\u66f4\u65b0\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u865a\u62df\u673a\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8dc3\u8fc1 \u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\u91c7\u7528\u53cc\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08A\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0cX\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u867d\u7136\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e25\u91cd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7f16\u7a0b\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u53cd\u89c2eBPF\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a \u91c7\u7528RISC-like\u768411\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u67b6\u6784\uff08R0-R10\uff09 \u652f\u6301\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u8f85\u52a9\u51fd\u6570\uff08Helper Function\uff09 \u5f15\u5165\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u6838-\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362 \u589e\u52a0\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528\uff08Tail Call\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6a21\u5757\u5316 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u8fdb\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5355\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3TCP\u3001HTTP\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u66f4\u51f8\u663e\u672c\u8d28\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u91c7\u7528\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ec5\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u8df3\u8f6c\u8303\u56f4\uff1b\u800ceBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u5f15\u5165\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5206\u6790\uff08Data Flow Analysis\uff09\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u56fe\uff08CFG\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u65e0\u6548\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u7b49\u6df1\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6839\u636e2023\u5e74Linux\u5185\u6838\u5b89\u5168\u62a5\u544a\uff0ceBPF\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u62e6\u622a\u4e8687%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u9669\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8bef\u5224\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e0.3%\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\u5230\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9769\u547d \u5728\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u72b9\u5982\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e0e\u54c8\u52c3\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u4f9d\u8d56tcpdump\/libpcap\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u800ceBPF\u901a\u8fc7BCC\uff08BPF Compiler 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