{"id":34664,"date":"2025-03-11T14:30:41","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34664"},"modified":"2025-03-11T14:30:41","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:30:41","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%b5%81%e9%87%8f%e5%88%86%e5%8f%91%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34664.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u53d1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/tTlxY3G.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u53d1\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u6d6a\u6f6e\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u91cf\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6839\u636eIDC\u6700\u65b0\u62a5\u544a\uff0c2023\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5df2\u7a81\u78343.5ZB\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u6d41\u91cf\u5360\u6bd4\u8d85\u8fc765%\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u6d77\u91cf\u4e14\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf&rdquo;\u4e00\u5200\u5207&rdquo;\u7684\u8def\u7531\u65b9\u5f0f\u5df2\u96be\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e1a\u52a1\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u8981\u3002<strong><em>\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531<\/em><\/strong>\uff08Policy-Based Routing\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b9e\u73b0<strong><em>\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u7ba1\u63a7<\/em><\/strong>\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7a81\u7834\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u5f81\">\u4e00\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u5f81<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6839\u672c\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002<strong><em>OSPF\u3001BGP\u7b49\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae<\/em><\/strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e&rdquo;\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u4f18\u5148&rdquo;\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5c5e\u6027\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f6c\u53d1\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7a81\u7834\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u8003\u8651<strong><em>\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08QoS\uff09<\/em><\/strong>\u7b49\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u94fe\u8def\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e26\u5bbd\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u5907\u7528\u94fe\u8def\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u4fdd\u969c<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u6d41\u91cf\u4f18\u5148\u5206\u914d\u9ad8\u5e26\u5bbd\u901a\u9053\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u9694\u79bb\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u8d22\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d41\u91cf\u5b9a\u5411\u81f3\u4e13\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u5173\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u4e92\u8fde<\/strong>\uff1a\u533a\u5206\u516c\u6709\u4e91\u4e0e\u79c1\u6709\u4e91\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u5f84\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\">\u4e8c\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u4f53\u7cfb\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa<strong><em>\u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219<\/em><\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff09\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u67b6\u6784\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u63a7\u5236\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b56\u7565\u51b3\u7b56\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u89e3\u6790\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u8f6c\u53d1\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6807\u8bb0\u4e0e\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u6790\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7b56\u7565\u53c2\u6570\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\uff08ACL\uff09<\/em><\/strong>\u4e0e<strong><em>\u8def\u7531\u6620\u5c04\u8868\uff08Route-Map\uff09<\/em><\/strong>\u662f\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002ACL\u7528\u4e8e\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u6d41\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u4e94\u5143\u7ec4\uff08\u6e90IP\u3001\u76ee\u7684IP\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u6d41\u91cf\uff1bRoute-Map\u5219\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u52a8\u4f5c\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5b9e\u6218\u90e8\u7f72\u4e94\u6b65\u6cd5\">\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u90e8\u7f72\u4e94\u6b65\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u91cf\u753b\u50cf<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528NetFlow\/sFlow\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c7\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5305\u62ec<strong><em>\u6d41\u91cf\u5cf0\u503c\u65f6\u6bb5\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u5ea6<\/em><\/strong>\u7b49\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u4f01\u4e1a\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5ea6\u62a5\u6587\u68c0\u6d4b\u53d1\u73b035%\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4f4e\u9891\u4f46\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa42\uff1a\u7b56\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u5236\u5b9a<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9075\u5faa<strong><em>KISS\u539f\u5219<\/em><\/strong>\uff08Keep It Simple and Straightforward\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u6838\u5fc3\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u677f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-plaintext\">if \u6d41\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b=\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae then \u8def\u5f84=\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e13\u7ebf  \r\nelif \u6e90IP=\u7814\u53d1\u7f51\u6bb5 then \u8def\u5f84=\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u51fa\u53e3B  \r\nelse \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84=\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6a21\u5f0f  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa43\uff1a\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u65bd<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e3b\u6d41\u5382\u5546\u914d\u7f6e\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u5382\u5546<\/th>\n<th>\u914d\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<th>\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Cisco<\/td>\n<td><code>set ip next-hop verify-availability<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Huawei<\/td>\n<td><code>traffic-policy<\/code>\u5d4c\u5957<code>traffic classifier<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u591a\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\u7ec4\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Juniper<\/td>\n<td><code>forwarding-policy<\/code>\u4e0e<code>firewall filter<\/code>\u8054\u52a8<\/td>\n<td>\u6df1\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u96c6\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa44\uff1a\u7070\u5ea6\u53d1\u5e03\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u91c7\u7528<strong><em>Canary Release<\/em><\/strong>\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u975e\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5355\u5143\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u70b9\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u5b9e\u8df5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc710%\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u53d1\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u98983\u5904\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5168\u7f51\u90e8\u7f72\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa45\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u4f18\u5316\u673a\u5236<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u4e8e<strong><em>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/em><\/strong>\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u4f18\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u94fe\u8def\u5229\u7528\u7387\u6ce2\u52a8\u66f2\u7ebf\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b56\u7565\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u7edf\u8ba1\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8def\u5f84\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u5ef6\u5206\u5e03\n<\/li>\n<li>QoS\u4fdd\u969c\u8fbe\u6210\u5ea6\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\">\u56db\u3001\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f1\uff1a\u7b56\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u51b2\u7a81<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5f53\u591a\u6761\u7b56\u7565\u5b58\u5728\u5339\u914d\u91cd\u53e0\u65f6\uff0c\u91c7\u7528<strong><em>\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148<\/em><\/strong>\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728&rdquo;\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7b56\u7565&rdquo;\u548c&rdquo;\/32\u4e3b\u673a\u7b56\u7565&rdquo;\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\/32\u89c4\u5219\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f2\uff1a\u6545\u969c\u573a\u666f\u5bb9\u707e<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e<strong><em>\u7b56\u7565\u5931\u6548\u68c0\u6d4b<\/em><\/strong>\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5907\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u67d0\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u90e8\u7f72\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u94fe\u8def\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3200ms\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f3\uff1a\u591a\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u9002\u914d<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9488\u5bf9AWS\u3001Azure\u7b49\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528<strong><em>\u4e91\u4e2d\u7acb<\/em><\/strong>\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u5c01\u88c5\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546API\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u914d\u7f6e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 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