{"id":34841,"date":"2025-03-11T14:52:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:52:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34841"},"modified":"2025-03-11T14:52:12","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:52:12","slug":"ebpf%e5%9c%a8%e5%86%85%e6%a0%b8%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e4%b8%ad%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e5%ae%9e%e9%99%85%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e5%9c%ba%e6%99%af%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34841.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5728\u5185\u6838\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"eBPF\u5728\u5185\u6838\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u9ad8\u9891\u6b21\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u4ea4\u4e92\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u5927<\/strong>\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong>\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u800ceBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6267\u884c\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6027\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4ece\u5b9e\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\uff0ceBPF<\/a>\u4ee5\u201c\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u76d1\u63a7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u7a81\u7834\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u8c03\u5ea6\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4ece\u534f\u8bae\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u667a\u80fd\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u5982tcpdump\u4f9d\u8d56\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cfCPU\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u4e0d\u8db3\u9057\u6f0f\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u6302\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6355\u83b7\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u65f6\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\u5934\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76eeCilium<\/strong>\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5176\u7ed5\u8fc7iptables\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u94fe<\/strong>\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3aeBPF\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u5c06\u7b56\u7565\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4eceO(n)\u964d\u81f3O(1)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0ceBPF\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u65e9\u5904\u7406\u201d\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97DDoS\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u62a4<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u524d\u5373\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002Cloudflare\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eXDP\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u79d2\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e14CPU\u5f00\u9500\u4f4e\u4e8e5%\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u4ece\u884c\u4e3a\u76d1\u63a7\u5230\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u843d\u5730<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5185\u6838\u4f5c\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u5982Auditd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8986\u76d6\u4e0d\u5168<\/strong>\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6ede\u540e<\/strong>\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6784\u5efa\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u753b\u50cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177Falco<\/strong>\u5229\u7528eBPF\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u89c4\u5219\u5f15\u64ce\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bc6\u522b\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5982\u5bb9\u5668\u9003\u9038<\/strong>\u6216\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u7be1\u6539<\/strong>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0ceBPF\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u6267\u884c\u201d\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u94a9connect\u3001bind\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3001\u8bc1\u4e66\u6307\u7eb9\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u52a8\u6001\u653e\u884c\u6216\u62e6\u622a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u4ec5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5bf9iptables\u7b49\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66f4\u65b0\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cTetragon<\/strong>\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Kubernetes\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u9632\u62a4\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u62e6\u622a\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8de8\u5bb9\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18\uff1a\u4ece\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u70ed\u70b9\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u957f\u671f\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8de8\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u63d2\u6869\u6280\u672f\uff08Kprobe\/Uprobe\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cBCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u4e2d\u7684BCC-tools<\/strong>\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86opensnoop\u3001execsnoop\u7b49\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4dIO\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u8c03\u5ea6\u5c42\u9762\uff0ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790CPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u3001\u78c1\u76d8IO\u7b49\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u706b\u7130\u56fe\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Pixie\uff09<\/strong>\u7ed3\u5408eBPF\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u5806\u6808\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7b49\u9690\u5f62\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u67d0Java\u670d\u52a1\u7684GC\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5f53\u5bfc\u81f4CPU\u5468\u671f\u6027\u98d9\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u8d44\u6e90\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e40%\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u4ece\u77ed\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u62d3\u6251\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u76d1\u63a7\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u77ac\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u52a8\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u591a\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u8986\u76d6\uff08\u5982CNI\u63d2\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7namespace\u611f\u77e5\u548ccgroup\u6302\u94a9<\/strong>\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u9002\u914d\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76eeKindling<\/strong>\u5229\u7528eBPF\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u8054\u5bb9\u5668PID\u4e0eKubernetes\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u5982TCP\u91cd\u4f20\uff09\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684Pod\u548cService\u3002<\/p>\n

eBPF\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\uff08Service Mesh\uff09\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u72ec\u7279\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u62e6\u622asocket\u901a\u4fe1\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u62d3\u6251\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u7edf\u8ba1\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u76f8\u6bd4Sidecar\u6a21\u5f0f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4ee3\u7406\u5f00\u9500\uff0cIstio\u793e\u533a\u7684Ambient Mesh<\/strong>\u6b63\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u6b64\u66ff\u4ee3Envoy\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u591a\u4e91\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0ceBPF\u8fd8\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ecf\u8fc7Ingress\u3001Service\u3001Pod\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

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\u4f20\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u8d56syslog\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0a\u62a5\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u788e\u7247\u5316<\/strong>\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e22\u5931<\/strong>\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002eBPF\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u6355\u83b7\u67d0\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u53d1\u8d77connect\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5230\u5185\u6838\u5904\u7406TCP\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfb\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6574\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9884\u8bbe\u6761\u4ef6\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ec5\u5f53HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7801\u4e3a5xx\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u76f8\u5173\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684TCP\u6d41\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u9ad8\u9891\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e8b\u4ef6\u805a\u5408\u4e3a\u6458\u8981\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6548\u7387\u3002Netflix\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Flow Exporter<\/strong>\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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