{"id":34871,"date":"2025-03-11T14:55:45","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=34871"},"modified":"2025-03-11T14:55:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T06:55:45","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fnpm%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%a4%9a%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%80%e8%87%b4%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/34871.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/342JBdU.jpg\" alt=\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u5e38\u5e38\u9762\u4e34\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff1a\u660e\u660e\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684Node.js\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5374\u56e0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u529f\u80fd\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd&rdquo;\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u80fd\u8dd1\uff0c\u4e0a\u7ebf\u5c31\u5d29&rdquo;\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5236\u7ea6\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ea4\u4ed8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u75db\u70b9\u3002<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/strong>\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u7834\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u56f0\u5c40\u7684\u5173\u952e\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u4e4e\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u9769\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u73af\u5883\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5256\u6790\">\u4e00\u3001\u73af\u5883\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u5256\u6790<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u4f7f\u7528<code>npm install<\/code>\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4<code>node_modules<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u968f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Node\u7248\u672c\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u4ea7\u751f\u5fae\u5999\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u3001\u9884\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c\u6f02\u79fb<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u504f\u5dee<\/strong>\u5c31\u4f1a\u50cf\u591a\u7c73\u8bfa\u9aa8\u724c\u822c\u5f15\u53d1\u8fde\u9501\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u653e\u5927\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u6f0f\u88c5\u5173\u952e\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1bKubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u539f\u751f\u6a21\u5757\u7f16\u8bd1\u5931\u8d25\uff1bServerless\u73af\u5883\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u88c5\u8f7d\u5f02\u5e38\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e8e<strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7f3a\u4e4f\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u652f\u67f1\">\u4e8c\u3001\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u652f\u67f1<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb<strong>\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM<\/a>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6280\u672f\u6808\u91cd\u6784\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7248\u672c\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236<\/strong><br \/>\n<code>package-lock.json<\/code>\u4e0e<code>npm-shrinkwrap.json<\/code>\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u53f7(~^)\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u4ec5\u6b64\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u91c7\u7528<code>npm ci<\/code>\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edfinstall\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u636elock\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u5efa<code>node_modules<\/code>\u3002\u67d0\u5934\u90e8\u7535\u5546\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6539\u53d8\u4f7f\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u7387\u4ece83%\u63d0\u5347\u81f399.6%\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7Docker\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\u539f\u751f\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4ec5\u5c06<code>node_modules<\/code>\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ea7\u7269\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u65e2\u89c4\u907f\u4e86\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u73af\u5883\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u53c8\u5229\u7528<code>alpine<\/code>\u7b49\u7cbe\u7b80\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM node:18-buster as builder  \r\nWORKDIR \/app  \r\nCOPY package*.json .\/  \r\nRUN npm ci --production  \r\nCOPY . .  \r\n  \r\nFROM gcr.io\/distroless\/nodejs:18  \r\nCOPY --from=builder \/app .  \r\nCMD [&quot;server.js&quot;]  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\u7684\u8de8\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5f15\u5165<code>npm audit<\/code>\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9SCA\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u7eed\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u5230\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u95e8\u7981\u3002\u66f4\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u662f<strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u5feb\u7167\u6bd4\u5bf9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728CI\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u751f\u6210<code>node_modules<\/code>\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u6307\u7eb9\uff0c\u4e0e\u9884\u53d1\u5e03\u73af\u5883\u6784\u5efa\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u52a8\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u4e4b\u9053\">\u4e09\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u4e4b\u9053<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u57fa\u7840\u4f9d\u8d56\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u77db\u76fe\u8f6c\u5411<strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u3002\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u751f\u6001\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4f18\u96c5\u6cbb\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528<code>process.env.NODE_ENV<\/code>\u914d\u5408dotenv\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u5168\u5265\u79bb\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u3002\u5728Kubernetes\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408ConfigMap\u4e0eSecret\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6761\u4ef6\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5229\u7528<code>optionalDependencies<\/code>\u548c<code>peerDependencies<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u73af\u5883\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7dmock\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5219\u4f9d\u8d56\u771f\u5b9e\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-json\">{  \r\n&quot;dependencies&quot;: {  \r\n&quot;redis-client&quot;: &quot;^4.0.0&quot;  \r\n},  \r\n&quot;optionalDependencies&quot;: {  \r\n&quot;redis-mock&quot;: &quot;^3.0.0&quot;  \r\n}  \r\n}  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u4ee3\u7801(Configuration as Code)<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u7279\u6027\u5f00\u5173\u7b49\u914d\u7f6e\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acbNPM\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u66f4\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u79d1\u6280\u56e2\u961f\u91c7\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4e8b\u6545\u51cf\u5c11\u4e8678%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u4f53\u7cfb\u6784\u5efa\">\u56db\u3001\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u4f53\u7cfb\u6784\u5efa<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b62\u6b65\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5efa\u7acb<strong>\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u57fa\u7ebf<\/strong>\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u5065\u5eb7\u5ea6\u770b\u677f<\/strong><br 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