{"id":35314,"date":"2025-03-19T09:37:37","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T01:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=35314"},"modified":"2025-03-19T09:37:37","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T01:37:37","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7voip%e9%80%9a%e8%af%9d%e7%9a%84%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/35314.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/98m8b55k6.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0cVoIP\uff08Voice over Internet Protocol\uff09\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8de8\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u6e05\u6670\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u8bdd\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4e1a\u52a1\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f20\u8f93\u7684VoIP\u6280\u672f\u5929\u7136\u9762\u4e34\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u5361\u987f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u9aa4\u964d\u3002<strong>\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u51c6\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u4e4e\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u4fe1\u6218\u7565\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u4e00\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u7406\u89e3voip\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\">\u4e00\u3001\u7406\u89e3VoIP\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u660e\u786e\u54ea\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<strong>\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08Latency\uff09\u3001\u6296\u52a8\uff08Jitter\uff09\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u7387\uff08Packet Loss\uff09\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\uff08Bandwidth\uff09<\/strong> \u662f\u56db\u5927\u9ec4\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5230\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u4fe1\u8054\u76df\uff08ITU\uff09\u5efa\u8bae\uff0cVoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u5355\u5411\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u4f4e\u4e8e150\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53cc\u65b9\u4f1a\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u660e\u663e\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\u201d\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6296\u52a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6296\u52a8\u8d85\u8fc730\u6beb\u79d2\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bed\u97f3\u65ad\u65ad\u7eed\u7eed\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u516c\u53f8\u66fe\u56e0\u672a\u76d1\u63a7\u6296\u52a8\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea4\u6613\u6307\u4ee4\u4f20\u8fbe\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u4e07\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e22\u5305\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<strong>\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u8d85\u8fc71%<\/strong> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u97f3\u8d28\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\uff1b\u82e5\u8fbe\u52305%\uff0c\u901a\u8bdd\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5e26\u5bbd<\/strong>\uff1aVoIP\u5bf9\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8f83\u4f4e\uff08\u5355\u8def\u901a\u8bdd\u7ea6100Kbps\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u62a2\u5360\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u62e5\u585e\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u4e1a\u754c\u5e38\u7528MOS\uff08Mean Opinion Score\uff09\u8bc4\u5206\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u8bdd\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc71-5\u5206\u91cf\u5316\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002MOS\u4f4e\u4e8e3.6\u5206\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u62b1\u6028\u201c\u542c\u4e0d\u6e05\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5361\u987f\u201d\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\">\u4e8c\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7acb\u4f53\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u4e3b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7-\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\">1. <strong>\u4e3b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SIPp\u3001Wireshark<\/strong> \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u6a21\u62dfVoIP\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8bdd\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7SIPp\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u5e76\u53d1\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u5cf0\u503c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e91\u7aef\u76d1\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff08\u5982SolarWinds VoIP Monitor\uff09\u80fd\u6a21\u62df\u5168\u7403\u591a\u5730\u7528\u6237\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u53d1\u73b0\u533a\u57df\u6027\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8def\u7531\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5c06\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u4ece4%\u964d\u81f30.3%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7-\u5b9e\u65f6\u6293\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\">2. <strong>\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u6293\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\uff08\u5982PRTG Network Monitor\uff09\u53ef\u6293\u53d6VoIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u6296\u52a8\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>SBC\uff08Session Border Controller\uff09\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7VoIP\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u5907SBC\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u542b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u901a\u8bdd\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u201c488 Not Acceptable Here\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u793a\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u9700\u8c03\u6574\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u53cd\u6620\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u6d4b\u98ce\u9669\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u80fd\u8986\u76d699%\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7b56\u7565\">\u4e09\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u82e5\u672a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u63d0\u5347VoIP\u6027\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u5b9e\u65bdqos-\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf-\u7b56\u7565\">1. <strong>\u5b9e\u65bdQoS\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a<strong>\u4f18\u5148\u6807\u8bb0VoIP\u6d41\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08DSCP\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3aEF\u6216AF41\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8bed\u97f3\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f18\u5148\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u67d0\u533b\u9662\u901a\u8fc7Cisco\u8bbe\u5907\u7684QoS\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c06\u6025\u8bca\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece200\u6beb\u79d2\u538b\u7f29\u81f380\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u6551\u6cbb\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u534760%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u914d\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\">2. <strong>\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u914d\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9ad8\u538b\u7f29\u7387\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08\u5982G.729\uff09\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u727a\u7272\u97f3\u8d28\uff1b\u4f4e\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08\u5982G.711\uff09\u9700\u66f4\u591a\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><em>\u52a8\u6001\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5207\u6362\u6280\u672f<\/em> \u53ef\u6839\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cZoom\u7684SILK\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u80fd\u572820-44Kbps\u95f4\u52a8\u6001\u9002\u914d\uff0c\u517c\u987e\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u6784\u5efa\u5197\u4f59\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84\">3. <strong>\u6784\u5efa\u5197\u4f59\u7f51\u7edc\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7SD-WAN\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u94fe\u8def\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u5f53\u4e3b\u7ebf\u8def\u62e5\u585e\u65f6\uff0c\u6d41\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u5907\u4efd\u7ebf\u8def\u3002\u67d0\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u90e8\u7f72SD-WAN\u540e\uff0c\u8de8\u6d0b\u901a\u8bdd\u7684MOS\u8bc4\u5206\u4ece3.2\u63d0\u5347\u81f34.1\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b-\u4ece\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u98de\u8dc3\">\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u4ece\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u98de\u8dc3<\/h3>\n<p>2022\u5e74\uff0c\u67d0\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u80b2\u5e73\u53f0\u906d\u9047\u5927\u91cf\u201c\u8bed\u97f3\u5361\u987f\u201d\u6295\u8bc9\u3002\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Wireshark\u6293\u53d6\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6296\u52a8\u5cf0\u503c\u8fbe50\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u4e22\u5305\u73873%\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u6839\u56e0\u5206\u6790<\/a><\/strong>\uff1a\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u65f6\u6bb5\u5185\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5360\u752880%\u7684\u4e0a\u884c\u5e26\u5bbd\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u542f\u7528QoS\u9650\u5236\u975e\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u5e76\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u53ccISP\u94fe\u8def\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6548\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u964d\u81f30.5%\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6295\u8bc9\u51cf\u5c1190%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6848\u4f8b\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u201c\u76d1\u63a7-\u5206\u6790-\u4f18\u5316\u201d\u95ed\u73af\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf-ai\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8fd0\u7ef4\">\u4e94\u3001\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1aAI\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u9608\u503c\u544a\u8b66\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7ef4\u62a4\u6b63\u5728\u5d1b\u8d77\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1aAI\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u6d41\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u8b66\u6f5c\u5728\u6545\u969c\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d<\/strong>\uff1a\u90e8\u5206\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Aryaka SmartConnect\uff09\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u8def\u7531\u6216\u8c03\u6574\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u3002<br \/>\nGartner\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u52302025\u5e74\uff0c40%\u7684VoIP\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5c06\u4f9d\u8d56AI\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e35%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728VoIP\u6df1\u5ea6\u5d4c\u5165\u4f01\u4e1a\u8840\u8109\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/a>\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u201c\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u4fe1\u547d\u8109\u7545\u901a\u7684\u201c\u5fc5\u9009\u9879\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u6807\u5230\u667a\u80fd\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u5de5\u5177\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u9700\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u3002\u552f\u6709\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u53e5\u201c\u60a8\u597d\u201d\u6e05\u6670\u62b5\u8fbe\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u534f\u4f5c\u65e0\u7f1d\u8854\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0cVoIP\uff08Voice over Internet Protocol\uff09\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8de8\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u6e05\u6670\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u8bdd\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4e1a\u52a1\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f20\u8f93\u7684VoIP\u6280\u672f\u5929\u7136\u9762\u4e34\u7f51\u7edc\u6ce2\u52a8\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u5361\u987f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u9aa4\u964d\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u51c6\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff1f \u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u4e4e\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u4fe1\u6218\u7565\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u4e00\u73af\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u7406\u89e3VoIP\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807 \u8981\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u660e\u786e\u54ea\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08Latency\uff09\u3001\u6296\u52a8\uff08Jitter\uff09\u3001\u4e22\u5305\u7387\uff08Packet Loss\uff09\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\uff08Bandwidth\uff09 \u662f\u56db\u5927\u9ec4\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u3002 \u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1a\u6307\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u5230\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u4fe1\u8054\u76df\uff08ITU\uff09\u5efa\u8bae\uff0cVoIP\u901a\u8bdd\u7684\u5355\u5411\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e94\u4f4e\u4e8e150\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53cc\u65b9\u4f1a\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u660e\u663e\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u6b65\u201d\u3002 \u6296\u52a8\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6296\u52a8\u8d85\u8fc730\u6beb\u79d2\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bed\u97f3\u65ad\u65ad\u7eed\u7eed\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u516c\u53f8\u66fe\u56e0\u672a\u76d1\u63a7\u6296\u52a8\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea4\u6613\u6307\u4ee4\u4f20\u8fbe\u5931\u8bef\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u8d85\u8fc7\u767e\u4e07\u3002 \u4e22\u5305\u7387\uff1a\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u8d85\u8fc71% \u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u97f3\u8d28\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\uff1b\u82e5\u8fbe\u52305%\uff0c\u901a\u8bdd\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002 \u5e26\u5bbd\uff1aVoIP\u5bf9\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8f83\u4f4e\uff08\u5355\u8def\u901a\u8bdd\u7ea6100Kbps\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u62a2\u5360\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u62e5\u585e\u3002 \u4e1a\u754c\u5e38\u7528MOS\uff08Mean Opinion Score\uff09\u8bc4\u5206\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u8bdd\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc71-5\u5206\u91cf\u5316\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002MOS\u4f4e\u4e8e3.6\u5206\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u62b1\u6028\u201c\u542c\u4e0d\u6e05\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5361\u987f\u201d\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177 \u76d1\u63a7VoIP\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u88ab\u52a8\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7acb\u4f53\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7f51\u7edc\u3002 1. \u4e3b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5 SIPp\u3001Wireshark \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u6a21\u62dfVoIP\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8bdd\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7SIPp\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u5e76\u53d1\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u5cf0\u503c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002 \u4e91\u7aef\u76d1\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5982SolarWinds VoIP Monitor\uff09\u80fd\u6a21\u62df\u5168\u7403\u591a\u5730\u7528\u6237\u7684\u63a5\u5165\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u53d1\u73b0\u533a\u57df\u6027\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8def\u7531\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5c06\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u4ece4%\u964d\u81f30.3%\u3002 2. \u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u6293\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u901a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e \u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u5668\uff08\u5982PRTG Network Monitor\uff09\u53ef\u6293\u53d6VoIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001\u6296\u52a8\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002 SBC\uff08Session Border Controller\uff09\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7VoIP\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u5907SBC\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u542b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u901a\u8bdd\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u201c488 Not Acceptable Here\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u793a\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u9700\u8c03\u6574\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 \u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u53cd\u6620\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u6d4b\u98ce\u9669\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u80fd\u8986\u76d699%\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7b56\u7565 \u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u82e5\u672a\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u63d0\u5347VoIP\u6027\u80fd\uff1a 1. \u5b9e\u65bdQoS\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\u7b56\u7565 \u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u4f18\u5148\u6807\u8bb0VoIP\u6d41\u91cf\uff08DSCP\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3aEF\u6216AF41\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8bed\u97f3\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f18\u5148\u4f20\u8f93\u3002 \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u67d0\u533b\u9662\u901a\u8fc7Cisco\u8bbe\u5907\u7684QoS\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c06\u6025\u8bca\u547c\u53eb\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece200\u6beb\u79d2\u538b\u7f29\u81f380\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u6551\u6cbb\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u63d0\u534760%\u3002 2. \u9009\u62e9\u9002\u914d\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668 \u9ad8\u538b\u7f29\u7387\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08\u5982G.729\uff09\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u727a\u7272\u97f3\u8d28\uff1b\u4f4e\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08\u5982G.711\uff09\u9700\u66f4\u591a\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u3002 \u52a8\u6001\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5207\u6362\u6280\u672f 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