{"id":35419,"date":"2025-03-19T09:50:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T01:50:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=35419"},"modified":"2025-03-19T09:50:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T01:50:58","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87prometheus%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7docker%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/35419.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7Docker\u5bb9\u5668\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7Docker\u5bb9\u5668\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0cDocker\u5bb9\u5668\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u6784\u5efa\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u9996\u9009\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5bb9\u5668\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u65f6\u638c\u63e1\u5bb9\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8d44\u6e90\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u3002Prometheus<\/a><\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3aCNCF\uff08\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff09\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u76d1\u63a7\u5bb9\u5668\u751f\u6001\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus<\/a>\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u843d\u5730\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7Docker\u5bb9\u5668\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Zabbix\u3001Nagios\uff09\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u663e\u5f97\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u77ed\u6682\u3001\u6307\u6807\u7ef4\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u9ad8\u52a8\u6001\u9002\u5e94\u6027<\/strong>\u548c\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

Prometheus\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Label\uff09\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u533a\u5206\u540c\u4e00\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3001\u7248\u672c\u6216\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  2. Pull\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3b\u52a8\u6293\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u5bb9\u5668\u66b4\u9732\u7684HTTP\u63a5\u53e3\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u5bb9\u5668IP\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u76f2\u533a\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  3. \u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u805a\u5408\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u503c\uff08quantile(0.9, rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total[5m]))<\/code>\uff09\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u7ed3\u5408Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0cPrometheus\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u5230\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5168\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u642d\u5efa\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u8981\u6784\u5efa\u5b8c\u6574\u7684Docker\u5bb9\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u94fe\u8def\uff0c\u9700\u8054\u52a8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Docker Daemon\u6307\u6807\u66b4\u9732<\/strong>
      \nDocker\u5f15\u64ce\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4f9b\/metrics<\/code>\u7aef\u70b9\uff08\u9700\u5728daemon.json<\/code>\u4e2d\u542f\u7528"metrics-addr" : "0.0.0.0:9323"<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u955c\u50cf\u62c9\u53d6\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u505c\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      cAdvisor\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u91c7\u96c6\u4e13\u5bb6<\/strong>
      \nGoogle\u5f00\u6e90\u7684cAdvisor<\/strong>\uff08Container Advisor\uff09\u4e13\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u6536\u96c6\u5bb9\u5668\u7684CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u6781\u7b80\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      docker run -d \\  \r\n--volume=\/:\/rootfs:ro \\  \r\n--volume=\/var\/run:\/var\/run:ro \\  \r\n--publish=8080:8080 \\  \r\n--name=cadvisor \\  \r\ngoogle\/cadvisor:latest  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      cAdvisor\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u751f\u6210\u5e26container_name<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982container_cpu_usage_seconds_total<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7http:\/\/<host>:8080\/metrics<\/code>\u66b4\u9732\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. Node Exporter\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>
        \n\u901a\u8fc7Node Exporter<\/strong>\u91c7\u96c6\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3001\u78c1\u76d8IO\uff09\uff0c\u4e0ecAdvisor\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6307\u6807\u5f62\u6210\u4e92\u8865\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        docker run -d -p 9100:9100 --name node-exporter prom\/node-exporter  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
        1. Prometheus Server\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u6c47\u805a\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/strong>
          \n\u914d\u7f6ePrometheus\u7684scrape_configs<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u62c9\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          scrape_configs:  \r\n- job_name: 'docker'  \r\nstatic_configs:  \r\n- targets: ['cadvisor:8080', 'node-exporter:9100']  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7prometheus.yml<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684relabel_configs<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\uff08business=payment<\/code>\uff09\u6216\u73af\u5883\u6807\u8bc6\uff08env=prod<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
          \n
          \u4e09\u3001\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u6307\u6807\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u9700\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b5b\u9009\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u8d44\u6e90\u7c7b\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            • CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/strong>\uff1arate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{name!=""}[1m])<\/code>\n<\/li>\n
            • \u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b<\/strong>\uff1acontainer_memory_working_set_bytes \/ container_spec_memory_limit_bytes > 0.8<\/code>\n<\/li>\n
            • \u78c1\u76d8\u6ea2\u51fa\u98ce\u9669<\/strong>\uff1apredict_linear(container_fs_usage_bytes[6h], 24*3600) > container_fs_limit_bytes<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n
              1. \u4e1a\u52a1\u5065\u5eb7\u5ea6\u6307\u6807<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \n
                • \u5bb9\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u9891\u7387<\/strong>\uff1achanges(container_last_seen{name!=""}[1h]) > 3<\/code>\n<\/li>\n
                • \u670d\u52a1\u5b58\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff1aup{job="docker"} == 0<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    groups:  \r\n- name: container-alerts  \r\nrules:  \r\n- alert: HighContainerCPU  \r\nexpr: rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{image!=""}[5m]) > 0.9  \r\nfor: 10m  \r\nannotations:  \r\ndescription: '\u5bb9\u5668 {{ $labels.name }} CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8d85\u8fc790%'  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u901a\u8fc7Alertmanager\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u544a\u8b66\u8def\u7531\u81f3\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001Slack\u6216PagerDuty\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \n
                    \u56db\u3001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5206\u6790\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                      \n
                    1. Grafana\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>
                      \n\u5bfc\u5165\u793e\u533a\u6a21\u677f\uff08\u5982ID=193\uff09\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u5bb9\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        \n
                      • \u5355\u5bb9\u5668\u5386\u53f2\u8d1f\u8f7d\u66f2\u7ebf\n<\/li>\n
                      • \u96c6\u7fa4\u7ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u70ed\u529b\u56fe\uff08\u6309namespace\u805a\u5408\uff09\n<\/li>\n
                      • \u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cfTOP10\u5bb9\u5668\u6392\u540d\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                          \n
                        1. PromQL\u9ad8\u9636\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            \n
                          • \u9884\u6d4b\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u6ee1\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a
                            \n(container_fs_limit_bytes - container_fs_usage_bytes) \/ rate(container_fs_writes_bytes_total[1h])<\/code>\n<\/li>\n
                          • \u670d\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u62d3\u6251<\/strong>\uff1a
                            \n\u7ed3\u5408Istio\u7b49Service Mesh\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7rate(istio_requests_total{destination_service=~"$service"}[5m])<\/code>\u7ed8\u5236\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            \n
                            \u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u4e0e\u907f\u5751\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                              \n
                            1. \u6307\u6807\u91c7\u96c6\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                \n
                              • \u901a\u8fc7metric_relabel_configs<\/code>\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e0\u7528\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982container_tasks_state<\/code>\uff09\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5b58\u50a8\u538b\u529b\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
                              • \u8c03\u6574scrape_interval<\/code>\u81f3\u5408\u7406\u503c\uff08\u901a\u5e3830s\uff09\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9ad8\u9891\u91c7\u96c6\u5bfc\u81f4Prometheus OOM\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                  \n
                                1. \u6807\u7b7e\u7ba1\u7406\u89c4\u8303<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                    \n
                                  • \u907f\u514d\u6ee5\u7528\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\u6807\u7b7e\uff08\u5982container_id<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u8d85\u65f6\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
                                  • \u4f7f\u7528label_replace()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7edf\u4e00\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06instance<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ahost_ip<\/code>\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                      \n
                                    1. \u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>
                                      \n\u5f53\u5355\u8282\u70b9Prometheus\u65e0\u6cd5\u652f\u6491\u6d77\u91cf\u5bb9\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\uff1a\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                        \n
                                      • \u8054\u90a6\u96c6\u7fa4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u5c42\u805a\u5408\u8de8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
                                      • Thanos\/Cortex<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                        \n
                                        \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u5c06Prometheus\u4e0eDocker\u5bb9\u5668\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u6551\u706b\u201d\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u9884\u9632\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7b51\u7262\u6280\u672f\u5e95\u5ea7\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u521d\u521b\u56e2\u961f\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u578b\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5957\u76d1\u63a7\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u80fd\u968f\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5229\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                        \u524d\u8a00 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