{"id":35838,"date":"2025-03-26T13:44:39","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=35838"},"modified":"2025-03-26T13:44:39","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:44:39","slug":"ebpf%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e7%9a%84%e6%b5%81%e9%87%8f%e6%95%b4%e5%bd%a2%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/35838.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"eBPF\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u5934\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6d41\u91cf\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8fbe\u523029%\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u52302025\u5e74\uff0c\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u7a81\u783479ZB\u5927\u5173\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\u5982\u540c\u8001\u65e7\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u4fe1\u53f7\u706f\uff0c\u5df2\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u541e\u5410\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0ceBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u667a\u80fd\u5bfc\u822a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u4ece”\u673a\u68b0\u9650\u901f”\u65f6\u4ee3\u8de8\u5165”\u7cbe\u786e\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f”\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u7684\u6280\u672f\u56f0\u5883<\/h3>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684TC\uff08Traffic Control\uff09\u548ciptables\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fa\u5b9a\u9650\u901f\u724c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u53cd\u590d\u6a2a\u8df3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500<\/strong>\u6700\u9ad8\u53ef\u5360\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u768430%\u3002\u5f53\u9762\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u6d41\u91cf\u6d2a\u5cf0\u65f6\uff0cCPU\u5e38\u5e38\u9677\u5165\u4e2d\u65ad\u98ce\u66b4\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6625\u8fd0\u671f\u95f4\u4e0d\u582a\u91cd\u8d1f\u7684\u552e\u7968\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u901f\u65b9\u6848\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\u91cf\uff0c\u5374\u50cf\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u8f66\u9053\u2014\u2014\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8c03\u6574\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6362\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u67d0\u77e5\u540d\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6ce2\u52a8\u8303\u56f4\u9ad8\u8fbe200-500ms\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db35G\u65f6\u4ee3\u5bf9\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001eBPF<\/a>\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u9769\u547d<\/h3>\n

eBPF\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8ba9\u6d41\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u9a7b\u7559\u5728\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u65c1\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7acb\u4f53\u4ea4\u901a\u6307\u6325\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7verifier\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1\u786c\u4ef6\u901f\u5ea6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u5176\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u572850\u03bcs\u4ee5\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u66f4\u5177\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\uff1a\u5728\u540c\u7b49\u786c\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0ceBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u9650\u901f\u529f\u80fd\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u76842.7\u500d\uff0c\u800cCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u53cd\u800c\u964d\u4f4e40%\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u80fd\u8dc3\u5347\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e09\u5927\u521b\u65b0\uff1a\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u9762<\/strong>\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5373\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08JIT\uff09<\/strong>\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u8f6c\u4e3a\u539f\u751f\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8303\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c42\u9762\uff0ceBPF\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u9ec4\u91d1\u7ec4\u5408\uff1aXDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09<\/strong>\u548cTC\uff08Traffic Control\uff09<\/strong>\u94a9\u5b50\u70b9\u3002XDP\u5982\u540c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u95f8\u673a\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u660e\uff0cXDP\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e22\u5f03\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6bd4iptables\u9ad883%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52a8\u6001\u9650\u901f\u7b97\u6cd5\u662feBPF\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u6740\u624b\u950f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08Ring Buffer\uff09<\/strong>\u548cPer-CPU\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d41\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u67d0\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8eQoE\uff08\u4f53\u9a8c\u8d28\u91cf\uff09\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u9650\u901f\uff0c\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u5907\u7535\u91cf\u4f4e\u4e8e20%\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u7528\u8282\u80fd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d41\u7545\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e30%\u5e26\u5bbd\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7a81\u7834<\/h3>\n

Kubernetes\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u590d\u6742\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aPod\u914d\u7f6eiptables\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u96c6\u7fa4\u89c4\u6a21\u8fbe\u52305000\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc710\u79d2\u3002\u800c\u57fa\u4e8eeBPF\u7684Cilium\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7BPF map\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u72b6\u6001\u5171\u4eab<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c06\u7b56\u7565\u751f\u6548\u65f6\u95f4\u538b\u7f29\u5230200ms\u4ee5\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\u9886\u57df\uff0cIstio\u4e0eeBPF\u7684\u878d\u5408\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f\u3002Sidecar\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u62e6\u622a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3asocket\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u900f\u660e\u52ab\u6301<\/strong>\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ece1.5ms\u964d\u81f30.3ms\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0ceBPF\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u9650\u901f\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e09\u5408\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd”\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200”\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6781\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u9762\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8de8\u8d8a<\/h3>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u638c\u63e1\u51e0\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u80fd\uff1aBTF\uff08BPF Type Format\uff09<\/strong>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u901a\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\uff1bCO-RE\uff08Compile Once – Run Everywhere\uff09\u6280\u672f\u5219\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8de8\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u50cfJava\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u4e00\u6837\u5177\u6709\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e1a\u5185\u4e13\u5bb6\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa”\u4e09\u4e2a90%\u6cd5\u5219”\uff1a90%\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u6e90\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c90%\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9519\u8bef\u6765\u81ea\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c90%\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6545\u969c\u4e0emap\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u5931\u5f53\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u91c7\u7528LRU\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\u4f18\u5316\u6d41\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\uff0c99\u5206\u4f4d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8658%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u827a\u672f<\/h3>\n

\u5728eBPF\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u540e\u8865\u4e01\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u56e0\u7279\u6027\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff08Verifier\uff09<\/strong>\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5305\u62ec\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\u5728\u5185\u768450\u4f59\u9879\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u50cf\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u673a\u573a\u5b89\u68c0\u5458\u822c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5371\u9669\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u5219\u5982\u540c\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u9632\u62b1\u6b7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u56de\u6eda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF\u5728\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u65e2\u80fd\u7075\u6d3b\u64cd\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u6e29\u5e8a\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u4fe1\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u6bcf\u79d2200\u4e07\u6b21\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0ceBPF\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e9a\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ad9\u5728\u6280\u672f\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u957f\u6cb3\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0ceBPF\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u4ece\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u5361\u5230DPU\u52a0\u901f\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u4ece5G\u6838\u5fc3\u7f51\u5230\u536b\u661f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u50cf\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u4e4b\u706b\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u70b9\u71c3\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5f53\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ddd\u79bb”\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u96f6\u62e5\u5835”\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u53c8\u8fd1\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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