{"id":35883,"date":"2025-03-26T13:50:16","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:50:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=35883"},"modified":"2025-03-26T13:50:16","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T05:50:16","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8ebpf%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e7%9a%84%e6%95%85%e9%9a%9c%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/35883.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ALTId5me.jpg\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6545\u969c\u72b9\u5982\u5927\u6d77\u635e\u9488\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u90fd\u6df1\u6709\u4f53\u4f1a\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7\u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u5728\u76f2\u533a\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u6296\u52a8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u9690\u5f62\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8270\u96be\u6478\u7d22\u3002\u76f4\u52302014\u5e74Linux 4.9\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5165<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a><\/strong>\uff08\u6269\u5c55\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u9769\u547d\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u62c9\u5f00\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a><\/strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u51c6\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6545\u969c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u63ed\u79d8\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5229\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-ebpf\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406-\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ef4\u5ea6\">\u4e00\u3001eBPF\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<p><strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982<code>strace<\/code>\u3001<code>tcpdump<\/code>\uff09\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u6570\u636e\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\uff08Verifier\uff09\u786e\u4fdd\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6b63\u5982Linux\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u8005Brendan Gregg\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u5c06Linux\u5185\u6838\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u80fd\u4ee5\u6781\u4f4e\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff08\u901a\u5e38% CPU\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u6545\u969c\u573a\u666f\u7684\u590d\u73b0\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf-\u7a81\u7834\u4f20\u7edf\u6392\u67e5\u74f6\u9888\">\u4e8c\u3001\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u4f20\u7edf\u6392\u67e5\u74f6\u9888<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u89c2\u6d4b-\u76f4\u51fb\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u75db\u70b9\">1. <strong>\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u76f4\u51fb\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u75db\u70b9<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u5982<code>gdb<\/code>\u6216<code>SystemTap<\/code>\u9700\u8981\u6682\u505c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u800c<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7<code>kprobe<\/code>\uff08\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\uff09\u548c<code>uprobe<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a2\u9488\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6302\u94a9\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u51fa\u73b0\u6cc4\u6f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u8ffd\u8e2a<code>malloc<\/code>\u548c<code>free<\/code>\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u5168\u6808\u53ef\u89c6\u6027-\u7a7f\u900f\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\">2. <strong>\u5168\u6808\u53ef\u89c6\u6027\uff0c\u7a7f\u900f\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4ece\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u903b\u8f91\uff0c<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Kubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408<code>cgroup<\/code>\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bb9\u5668\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u662fCNI\u63d2\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u8fd8\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7f51\u5361\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4-\u544a\u522b\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\">3. <strong>\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u805a\u5408\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ec5\u6355\u83b7\u7279\u5b9aPID\u7684<code>read<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u7edf\u8ba1TCP\u91cd\u4f20\u6b21\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u51cf\u5c1190%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5206\u6790\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"4-\u5b89\u5168\u6267\u884c-\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\">4. <strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u5bf9<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8fb9\u754c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u98ce\u9669\u88ab\u63d0\u524d\u62e6\u622a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u5c11\u6570\u80fd\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5b9e\u6218\u573a\u666f\u89e3\u6790-\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\">\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u6218\u573a\u666f\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"\u573a\u666f1-\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4f4d\">\u573a\u666f1\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h4>\n<p>\u67d0\u5728\u7ebf\u670d\u52a1\u9891\u7e41\u51fa\u73b0HTTP 500\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u663e\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5076\u53d1\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u5de5\u5177<code>tcptraceroute<\/code>\u8ffd\u8e2aTCP\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u90e8\u5206SYN\u5305\u672a\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528<code>bpftrace<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u7edf\u8ba1<code>tcp_drop<\/code>\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a<code>netfilter<\/code>\u89c4\u5219\u9519\u8bef\u4e22\u5f03\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u6e90IP\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u952e\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">bpftrace -e 'kretprobe:tcp_drop { @[args-&gt;sk-&gt;__sk_common.skc_remote_ip] = count(); }'  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"\u573a\u666f2-\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a81\u589e\">\u573a\u666f2\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a81\u589e<\/h4>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5468\u671f\u6027\u98d9\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u663e\u793aCPU\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u91c7\u96c6<code>sys_enter_open<\/code>\u548c<code>sys_exit_open<\/code>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u9891\u7e41\u88ab\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ade\u4e89\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4<code>open<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u963b\u585e\u3002\u8c03\u6574\u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\u7b56\u7565\u540e\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5cf0\u503c\u4e0b\u964d70%\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5de5\u5177\u63a8\u8350<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>BCC\u5de5\u5177\u96c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b<code>opensnoop<\/code>\u3001<code>biolatency<\/code>\u7b49\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Falco<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e13\u653b\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u7684<strong>eBPF<\/strong>\u9a71\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u5e38\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u6392\u67e5\u4f53\u7cfb-\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u63a8\u8350\">\u56db\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u6392\u67e5\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u63a8\u8350<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u5206\u5c42\u89c2\u6d4b\u7b56\u7565\">1. <strong>\u5206\u5c42\u89c2\u6d4b\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5185\u6838\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>bpftrace<\/code>\u5feb\u901f\u7f16\u5199\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ffd\u8e2a<code>vfs_read<\/code>\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>libbpf<\/code>\u5e93\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6536\u96c6Go\/Java\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684GC\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u548cGrafana\uff0c\u5c06**e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6545\u969c\u72b9\u5982\u5927\u6d77\u635e\u9488\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u90fd\u6df1\u6709\u4f53\u4f1a\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6307\u6807\u76d1\u63a7\u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u5728\u76f2\u533a\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u6296\u52a8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u9690\u5f62\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8270\u96be\u6478\u7d22\u3002\u76f4\u52302014\u5e74Linux 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