{"id":35979,"date":"2025-03-26T14:02:20","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T06:02:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=35979"},"modified":"2025-03-26T14:02:20","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T06:02:20","slug":"prometheus%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%a4%a7%e8%a7%84%e6%a8%a1%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e6%8c%91%e6%88%98%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/35979.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u6311\u6218\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"Prometheus\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u6311\u6218\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u76db\u884c\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5448\u73b0\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6d77\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8003\u9a8c\u7740\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aCNCF\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0cPrometheus<\/a><\/strong>\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u57fa\u77f3<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Prometheus<\/a>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56f4\u7ed5*\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff08Time Series Data\uff09*\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u5f0f\u6216\u5217\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7531\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff08Metric Name\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Labels\uff09\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0chttp_requests_total{method="POST", status="200"}<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\uff08High Cardinality\uff09\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u5b58\u50a8\u5f00\u9500\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5316\u538b\u7f29<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570ID\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  2. \u5206\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\uff08Chunk Encoding\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u8fde\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u805a\u5408\u4e3a\u5757\uff08Chunk\uff09\uff0c\u91c7\u7528Delta-of-Delta\u3001XOR\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u53473-5\u500d\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  3. \u5185\u5b58\u9884\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08WAL\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u5165\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u98ce\u9669\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ceTSDB\uff1a\u4e13\u4e3a\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u800c\u751f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Prometheus\u4ece2.0\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5165TSDB\uff08Time Series Database\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u6784\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7*\u5782\u76f4\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247*\u5e73\u8861\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u5782\u76f4\u5206\u7247<\/strong>\uff1a\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\uff08\u901a\u5e382\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5757\uff08Block\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u72ec\u7acb\u538b\u7f29\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    • \u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Head Block<\/code>\u7ba1\u7406\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u5f02\u6b65\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97TSDB\u80fd\u591f\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u652f\u6301\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u5199\u5165<\/strong>\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u8df3\u8fc7\u65e0\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757<\/strong>\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4eI\/O\u538b\u529b\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u901a\u8fc7mmap<\/code>\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6280\u672f\u52a0\u901f\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u5bf9\u4e8ePB\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u573a\u666f\uff0cTSDB\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u4e45\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u7c92\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b58\u50a8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u76841\/10\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u4e09\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u5316\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5355\u673a\u74f6\u9888<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        \u5c3d\u7ba1TSDB\u5728\u5355\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8d85\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\u4ecd\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u3002Prometheus\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          \u8054\u90a6\u67b6\u6784\uff08Federation\uff09<\/strong>
          \n\u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u5c06\u5b50Prometheus\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aKubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2aPrometheus\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6362\u53d6\u5b58\u50a8\u89c4\u6a21<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          \u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\uff08Remote Read\/Write\uff09<\/strong>
          \n\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Thanos\u3001M3DB\u3001VictoriaMetrics\uff09\u3002Prometheus\u901a\u8fc7remote_write<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u63a8\u9001\u81f3\u8fdc\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7remote_read<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u900f\u660e\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u89e3\u8026\u4e86\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42<\/strong>\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u72ec\u7acb\u6269\u5c55\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          \u5f00\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \n
          • VictoriaMetrics<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7vmstorage<\/code>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u7247\u4e0e\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u6570\u767e\u8282\u70b9\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • Thanos<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982S3\uff09\u6784\u5efa\u65e0\u9650\u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u5c40\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u7edf\u4e00\u8bbf\u95ee\u591a\u96c6\u7fa4\u6570\u636e\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • Cortex<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79df\u6237\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5df2\u88abGrafana Labs\u7528\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n

            \u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u6548\u7387<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            \u9762\u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565\uff08Retention Policy\uff09<\/strong>\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u964d\u91c7\u6837\uff08Downsampling\uff09<\/strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fdd\u755915\u5929\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u598230\u5929\u70ed\u6570\u636e+1\u5e74\u51b7\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
            • \u964d\u91c7\u6837<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff08\u59821\u79d2\u7c92\u5ea6\uff09\u805a\u5408\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6c47\u603b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u59821\u5206\u949f\u7c92\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u51cf\u5c1190%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
            • \u51b7\u70ed\u5206\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a\u501f\u52a9Thanos\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982AWS S3\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u67e5\u8be2\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u53ef\u63a7\u6210\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5f52\u6863\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8981\u6c42<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n

              \u4e94\u3001\u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6574\u5408<\/strong><\/h3>\n

              \u5728Kubernetes\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u91ca\u653e\u5b58\u50a8\u6f5c\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u52a8\u6001\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Prometheus Operator<\/code>\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684Pod\u3001Service\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u8c03\u6574\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
              2. \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5377\uff08PV\uff09\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730SSD\u6216\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e91\u76d8\uff08\u5982AWS gp3\uff09\u90e8\u7f72TSDB\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8bfb\u5199\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
              3. StatefulSet\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3aPrometheus\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b58\u50a8\u5377\uff0c\u907f\u514dPod\u91cd\u542f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Prometheus\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982OpenMetrics\uff09<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210Istio\u3001Envoy\u7b49\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u6e56\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n

                \u516d\u3001\u672a\u6765\u6f14\u8fdb\uff1a\u5e94\u5bf9\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6311\u6218<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                \u5c3d\u7ba1\u73b0\u6709\u65b9\u6848\u5df2\u8db3\u591f\u6210\u719f\uff0cPrometheus\u793e\u533a\u4ecd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u878d\u5408\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Loki<\/code>\u4e0eTempo<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u6307\u6807\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
                • \u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5316TSDB\u5728\u4f4e\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u573a\u666f\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
                • AI\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9884\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u5206\u7247\u7b56\u7565\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u8fd9\u4e9b\u521b\u65b0\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9Prometheus\u5728*5G\u3001AIoT\u3001\u5143\u5b87\u5b99*\u7b49\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fdd\u6301\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u76db\u884c\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5448\u73b0\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5343\u4e07\u7ea7\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6d77\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8003\u9a8c\u7740\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aCNCF\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0cPrometheus\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u57fa\u77f3 Prometheus\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56f4\u7ed5*\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff08Time Series Data\uff09*\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u5f0f\u6216\u5217\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7531\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff08Metric Name\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Labels\uff09\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0chttp_requests_total{method="POST", status="200"}\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u9ad8\u57fa\u6570\uff08High Cardinality\uff09\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u3002 \u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u5b58\u50a8\u5f00\u9500\uff1a \u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5316\u538b\u7f29\uff1a\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570ID\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u7528\uff1b \u5206\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\uff08Chunk Encoding\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u8fde\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u805a\u5408\u4e3a\u5757\uff08Chunk\uff09\uff0c\u91c7\u7528Delta-of-Delta\u3001XOR\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u53473-5\u500d\uff1b \u5185\u5b58\u9884\u5199\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08WAL\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u5165\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u98ce\u9669\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ceTSDB\uff1a\u4e13\u4e3a\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u800c\u751f Prometheus\u4ece2.0\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5165TSDB\uff08Time Series Database\uff09\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u6784\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7*\u5782\u76f4\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247*\u5e73\u8861\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\uff1a \u5782\u76f4\u5206\u7247\uff1a\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\uff08\u901a\u5e382\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5757\uff08Block\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u72ec\u7acb\u538b\u7f29\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b \u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u7247\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Head Block\u7ba1\u7406\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u5f02\u6b65\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97TSDB\u80fd\u591f\uff1a \u652f\u6301\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u5199\u5165\uff1b \u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u8df3\u8fc7\u65e0\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4eI\/O\u538b\u529b\uff1b \u901a\u8fc7mmap\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6280\u672f\u52a0\u901f\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8ePB\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u573a\u666f\uff0cTSDB\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u4e45\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u7c92\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b58\u50a8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u76841\/10\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u5316\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5355\u673a\u74f6\u9888 \u5c3d\u7ba1TSDB\u5728\u5355\u673a\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8d85\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\u4ecd\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u3002Prometheus\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u65b9\u6848\uff1a \u8054\u90a6\u67b6\u6784\uff08Federation\uff09 \u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff0c\u5c06\u5b50Prometheus\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2aKubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2aPrometheus\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u4ec5\u5b58\u50a8\u8de8\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u6307\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6362\u53d6\u5b58\u50a8\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u573a\u666f\u3002 \u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\uff08Remote Read\/Write\uff09 \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Thanos\u3001M3DB\u3001VictoriaMetrics\uff09\u3002Prometheus\u901a\u8fc7remote_write\u63a5\u53e3\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u63a8\u9001\u81f3\u8fdc\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7remote_read\u5b9e\u73b0\u900f\u660e\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u89e3\u8026\u4e86\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u72ec\u7acb\u6269\u5c55\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u5f00\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u6848 VictoriaMetrics\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7vmstorage\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u7247\u4e0e\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u6570\u767e\u8282\u70b9\uff1b Thanos\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982S3\uff09\u6784\u5efa\u65e0\u9650\u5b58\u50a8\u6c60\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u5c40\u67e5\u8be2\u5f15\u64ce\u7edf\u4e00\u8bbf\u95ee\u591a\u96c6\u7fa4\u6570\u636e\uff1b Cortex\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79df\u6237\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5df2\u88abGrafana Labs\u7528\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u6548\u7387 \u9762\u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565\uff08Retention Policy\uff09\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u964d\u91c7\u6837\uff08Downsampling\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff1a \u4fdd\u7559\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fdd\u755915\u5929\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u598230\u5929\u70ed\u6570\u636e+1\u5e74\u51b7\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff1b \u964d\u91c7\u6837\uff1a\u5c06\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff08\u59821\u79d2\u7c92\u5ea6\uff09\u805a\u5408\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6c47\u603b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u59821\u5206\u949f\u7c92\u5ea6\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u51cf\u5c1190%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff1b \u51b7\u70ed\u5206\u79bb\uff1a\u501f\u52a9Thanos\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982AWS S3\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u67e5\u8be2\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u53ef\u63a7\u6210\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5f52\u6863\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002 \u4e94\u3001\u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6574\u5408 \u5728Kubernetes\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cPrometheus\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u91ca\u653e\u5b58\u50a8\u6f5c\u529b\uff1a \u52a8\u6001\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Prometheus Operator\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684Pod\u3001Service\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u8c03\u6574\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\uff1b \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5377\uff08PV\uff09\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730SSD\u6216\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4e91\u76d8\uff08\u5982AWS gp3\uff09\u90e8\u7f72TSDB\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8bfb\u5199\uff1b StatefulSet\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u4e3aPrometheus\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b58\u50a8\u5377\uff0c\u907f\u514dPod\u91cd\u542f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002 Prometheus\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982OpenMetrics\uff09\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210Istio\u3001Envoy\u7b49\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u6e56\u3002 \u516d\u3001\u672a\u6765\u6f14\u8fdb\uff1a\u5e94\u5bf9\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6311\u6218 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":35980,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-product-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35979"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35981,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35979\/revisions\/35981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}