{"id":36425,"date":"2025-04-11T14:15:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:15:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=36425"},"modified":"2025-04-11T14:15:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:15:28","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8ebpf%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e7%9a%84%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/36425.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1f\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u9010\u6e10\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u5e93\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8d85\u4eba\u5de5\u7b56\u7565\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e9f\u9700\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u611f\u77e5\u5a01\u80c1\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3aLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7eBPF<\/a>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u52a8\u6001\u5316<\/strong>\u4e0e\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u7ef4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001eBPF\uff1a\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n

eBPF\u6700\u521d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u80fd\u529b\u5df2\u8fdc\u8d85\u4f20\u7edfBPF\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5411\u5185\u6838\u6ce8\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u6c99\u7bb1\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\uff0ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5b9e\u65f6\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u89c4\u907f\u7528\u6237\u6001-\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u54cd\u5e94\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u6302\u94a9\uff08Hook\uff09\u5173\u952e\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5982sendmsg<\/code>\u3001recvmsg<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
  • \u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7BPF\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u4f9d\u8d56\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6ede\u540e\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u66ff\u4ee3iptables\uff0c\u5728Kubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u800c\u975eIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u4f9d\u8d56\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u7f29\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u62d3\u6251\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u5bfc\u81f4IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u9891\u7e41\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u96be\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u6548\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6a2a\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u5feb\u901f\u6e17\u900f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9700\u6c42\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u73af\u5883\u611f\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    2. \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8c03\u6574<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5a01\u80c1\u60c5\u62a5\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6536\u7d27\u6216\u653e\u5bbd\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
    3. \u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u652f\u6491<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u5d4c\u5165\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u7b49\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6613\u53d8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u9002\u914d\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n

      \u4e09\u3001eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6280\u672f\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      1. \u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      \u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6302\u94a9\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001TC\u5c42\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u534f\u8bae\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bc6\u522bHTTP\u5934\u90e8\u3001DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u884c\u4e3a\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong>\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u8fde\u63a5\u9891\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7ebf\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
      • \u5a01\u80c1\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u5a01\u80c1\u60c5\u62a5API\u8054\u52a8\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6807\u8bb0\u6076\u610fIP\u6216\u57df\u540d\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u64ce\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u963b\u65ad\u4e0e\u5df2\u77e5C2\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6216\u9650\u5236\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

        2. \u7b56\u7565\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u751f\u6548<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        • BPF\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        • \u539f\u5b50\u66ff\u6362<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7bpf_prog_replace<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u7f1d\u66ff\u6362\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7b56\u7565\u5207\u6362\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
        • \u6761\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff09\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7Kubernetes Operator\u76d1\u542c\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230Pod\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5411eBPF\u6620\u5c04\u6ce8\u5165\u65b0\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

          3. \u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5b9e\u65bd<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          eBPF\u652f\u6301\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1a\u6302\u94a9openat<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • \u7f51\u7edc\u5fae\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u800c\u975eIP\uff09\u9650\u5236\u8de8\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u4fe1\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
          • \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u62e6\u622a<\/strong>\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4bexecve<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\uff0c\u9632\u5fa1\u65e0\u6587\u4ef6\u653b\u51fb\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177Falco\u6b63\u662f\u5229\u7528eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5176\u89c4\u5219\u5e93\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b0\u578b\u653b\u51fb\u624b\u6cd5\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u56db\u3001\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            \u573a\u666f1\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u73af\u5883\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            \u5728Kubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u5173\u8054Pod\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u906d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u64ce\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0BPF\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5176\u5bf9\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5141\u8bb8\u5408\u89c4\u6d41\u91cf\u7ee7\u7eed\u901a\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u573a\u666f2\uff1a\u52d2\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9632\u5fa1<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            \u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u94a9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0ceBPF\u53ef\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u82e5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5927\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u963b\u65ad\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u9694\u79bb\u53d7\u611f\u67d3\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u573a\u666f3\uff1aAPI\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa<\/strong><\/h4>\n

            \u5728API\u7f51\u5173\u5c42\u6ce8\u5165eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5206\u6790HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3001\u6765\u6e90IP\u548cJWT\u4ee4\u724c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u62e6\u622a\u9ad8\u9891\u5f02\u5e38\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u4ee4\u724c\u5931\u7a83\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n

            \u4e94\u3001\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            \u5c3d\u7ba1eBPF\u6f5c\u529b\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4ecd\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aeBPF\u7279\u6027\u4f9d\u8d56\u8f83\u65b0\u7684Linux\u5185\u6838\uff08\u22654.18\uff09\uff0c\u8001\u65e7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u5347\u7ea7\u6216\u91c7\u7528Backport\u65b9\u6848\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
            • \u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u5e73\u8861\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\uff1b\n<\/li>\n
            • \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u501f\u52a9\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Pixie\u3001Kindling\uff09\u53ef\u89c6\u5316eBPF\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u5efa\u8bae\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u5173\u952e\u573a\u666f\uff08\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u65bd\uff09\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u5168\u6808\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5efa\u7acbeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

              \n

              \u516d\u3001\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b<\/strong><\/h3>\n

              \u968f\u7740eBPF\u751f\u6001\u7684\u6210\u719f\uff08\u5982CO-RE\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u8de8\u5185\u6838\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e0eAI\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\u7ed3\u5408\u5c06\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u5bc6\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0b\u6c89\u81f3\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u5361\u6216DPU\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u9632\u62a4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u62e5\u62b1eBPF\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong>\u7684\u6218\u7565\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              \u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u8fb9\u754c\u9010\u6e10\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u9759\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u5e93\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8d85\u4eba\u5de5\u7b56\u7565\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e9f\u9700\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u611f\u77e5\u5a01\u80c1\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002eBPF\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3aLinux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u52a8\u6001\u5316\u4e0e\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u7ef4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def\u3002 \u4e00\u3001eBPF\uff1a\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5230\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b 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\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u89c2\u6d4b\uff1a\u6302\u94a9\uff08Hook\uff09\u5173\u952e\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5982sendmsg\u3001recvmsg\uff09\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff1b \u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7BPF\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u4f9d\u8d56\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6ede\u540e\u6027\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCilium\u9879\u76ee\u5229\u7528eBPF\u66ff\u4ee3iptables\uff0c\u5728Kubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u800c\u975eIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027 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\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u652f\u6491\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002 eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u5d4c\u5165\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u7b49\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6613\u53d8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u9002\u914d\u96be\u9898\u3002 \u4e09\u3001eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6280\u672f\u8def\u5f84 1. \u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u751f\u6210 \u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6302\u94a9\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\uff08\u5982XDP\u3001TC\u5c42\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u89e3\u6790\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\uff1a \u534f\u8bae\u8bc6\u522b\uff1a\u8bc6\u522bHTTP\u5934\u90e8\u3001DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b \u884c\u4e3a\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u8fde\u63a5\u9891\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7ebf\uff1b \u5a01\u80c1\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u5a01\u80c1\u60c5\u62a5API\u8054\u52a8\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6807\u8bb0\u6076\u610fIP\u6216\u57df\u540d\u3002 \u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u5f15\u64ce\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u963b\u65ad\u4e0e\u5df2\u77e5C2\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6216\u9650\u5236\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 2. \u7b56\u7565\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u751f\u6548 eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a BPF\u6620\u5c04\uff08Map\uff09\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u7b56\u7565\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6539\uff1b \u539f\u5b50\u66ff\u6362\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7bpf_prog_replace\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u7f1d\u66ff\u6362\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7b56\u7565\u5207\u6362\u65e0\u611f\u77e5\uff1b \u6761\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff09\u89e6\u53d1\u7b56\u7565\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002 \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7Kubernetes Operator\u76d1\u542c\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230Pod\u6269\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5411eBPF\u6620\u5c04\u6ce8\u5165\u65b0\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u89c4\u5219\u3002 3. \u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5b9e\u65bd 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