{"id":36437,"date":"2025-04-11T14:17:02","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:17:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=36437"},"modified":"2025-04-11T14:17:02","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:17:02","slug":"opentelemetry-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e4%b8%a2%e5%a4%b1%e5%92%8c%e9%87%8d%e5%a4%8d%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/36437.html","title":{"rendered":"OpenTelemetry \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u95ee\u9898\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sb2ncIB.jpg\" alt=\"OpenTelemetry \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u8def\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5448\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21API\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c<strong>\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aCNCF\u6bd5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">OpenTelemetry<\/a><\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u591a\u91cd\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3<strong>\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u96be\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931-\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\">\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\uff1a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b<\/h3>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u8fc7\u8f7d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u5173\u952e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u9014\u4e2d&rdquo;\u6d88\u5931&rdquo;\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">OpenTelemetry<\/a>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u5c42\u9012\u8fdb\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565\u6784\u7b51\u9632\u62a4\u7f51\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u6279\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\u7f13\u51b2\u673a\u5236<\/strong><br \/>\n\u91c7\u96c6\u7aefAgent\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528*\u5185\u5b58\u961f\u5217+\u6279\u91cf\u53d1\u9001*\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u7ec6\u788e\u7684Span\u6570\u636e\u805a\u5408\u6210\u6279\u6b21\u540e\u518d\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u964d\u4f4e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u8d77\u5230\u7f13\u51b2\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0cSDK\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6682\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u91cd\u8bd5\u76f4\u5230\u6210\u529f\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u961f\u5217\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba42048\u6761\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u957f\u8fbe5\u5206\u949f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u65ad\u800c\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u667a\u80fd\u91cd\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6307\u6570\u9000\u907f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cOpenTelemetry\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668\uff08Exporter\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<em>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u91cd\u8bd5\u903b\u8f91<\/em>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6839\u636eHTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u533a\u5206\u4e34\u65f6\u9519\u8bef\uff08503\uff09\u548c\u6c38\u4e45\u9519\u8bef\uff08404\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u8bd5\u98ce\u66b4\u62d6\u57ae\u5e94\u7528\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982\u961f\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff09\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u5728Kubernetes\u96c6\u7fa4\u6eda\u52a8\u5347\u7ea7\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fCollector\u670d\u52a1\u77ed\u6682\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ecd\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u9001\u8fbe\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. \u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u515c\u5e95<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91d1\u878d\u7ea7\u4e25\u82db\u573a\u666f\uff0cOpenTelemetry\u652f\u6301\u914d\u7f6e<em>\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/em>\u3002\u5f53\u5185\u5b58\u961f\u5217\u8fbe\u5230\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6\uff0cSDK\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u50a8\u5230\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982SSD\uff09\uff0c\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5\u6062\u590d\u540e\u4f18\u5148\u91cd\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u67d0\u8de8\u56fd\u652f\u4ed8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u538b\u6d4b\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u542f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u5907\u4efd\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u572872\u5c0f\u65f6\u6545\u969c\u6ce8\u5165\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<strong>\u96f6\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d-\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u96be\u9898\u7684\u7834\u5c40\u4e4b\u9053\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\uff1a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u96be\u9898\u7684\u7834\u5c40\u4e4b\u9053<\/h3>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91cd\u8bd5\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u6216\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u9501\u5931\u6548\u3002OpenTelemetry\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u673a\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u6307\u7eb9\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. TraceID-SpanID\u7ec4\u5408\u6307\u7eb9<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6bcf\u4e2aSpan\u751f\u6210\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u643a\u5e26\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u7684*TraceID*\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u7684<em>SpanID<\/em>\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u8054\u5408\u4e3b\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728Kafka\u6d88\u8d39\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cCollector\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u5904\u7406\u7684Offset\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u91cd\u542f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u5199\u5165\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4e3b\u6d41\u540e\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982Jaeger\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0eOpenTelemetry\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86<em>\u539f\u5b50\u5316\u5199\u5165\u8bed\u4e49<\/em>\u3002\u4ee5Jaeger\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176Cassandra\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u91c7\u7528Upsert\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">INSERT INTO traces (trace_id, span_id, ...)  \r\nVALUES (...)  \r\nIF NOT EXISTS  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u786e\u4fdd\u76f8\u540cTraceID\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u9996\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u5199\u5165\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u65f6\u949f\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u903b\u8f91<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u6210NTP\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u534f\u8bae\u548c<em>\u56e0\u679c\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08Causal Logging\uff09<\/em>\uff0cSDK\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3002\u5f53\u53d1\u73b0Span\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u65e9\u4e8e\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6216\u7236\u5b50Span\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u51fa\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u77db\u76fe\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u56e0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65f6\u949f\u6f02\u79fb\u4ea7\u751f&rdquo;\u5e7d\u7075\u6570\u636e&rdquo;\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u534f\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\">\u4e09\u3001\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u534f\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. Collector\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5851\u5f62<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4e2d\u67a2\uff0cOpenTelemetry Collector\u63d0\u4f9b*\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236*\u548c*\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8def\u7531*\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u914d\u7f6e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u961f\u5217\u6df1\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u8282\u91c7\u6837\u7387\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u964d\u7ea7\u975e\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. \u667a\u80fd\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u5934\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u91cf\u89c4\u6a21\u662f\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u8f7d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u91c7\u6837\uff08Head-based Sampling\uff09\uff0cOpenTelemetry 1.15\u7248\u672c\u5f15\u5165\u7684*\u5c3e\u90e8\u91c7\u6837\uff08Tail-based Sampling\uff09*\u53ef\u6839\u636eTrace\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u52a8\u6001\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u72b6\u6001\u7684Trace\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc72\u79d2\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fdd\u7559\u5b8c\u6574\u65e5\u5fd7\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u7ea7\u534f\u8bae\uff08SLA\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u91c7\u6837\u6bd4\u4f8b<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4e8660%-80%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. \u591a\u534f\u8bae\u9002\u914d\u5c42<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684OTLP\u534f\u8bae\uff0cOpenTelemetry\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u70b9\u3002\u5728gRPC\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u964d\u7ea7\u4e3aHTTP\/JSON\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u5728Header\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26<em>\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u7801\uff08CRC32\uff09<\/em>\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5-\u6784\u5efa\u5f39\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u9053\">\u56db\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5f39\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u9053<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u4f18\u9ec4\u91d1\u6cd5\u5219<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf = \u5e73\u5747\u6d41\u91cf \u00d7 \u6700\u5927\u9884\u671f\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4 \u00d7 1.5\n<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528<code>min(max(attempt\u00d72, 1s), 30s)<\/code>\u7684\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565\n<\/li>\n<li>\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e3a\u78c1\u76d8\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4fdd\u7559\u81f3\u5c1110%\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u7a7a\u95f4\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u4e09\u89d2\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6cd5<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91c7\u96c6\u7aef\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7<code>otelcol_processor_refused_spans<\/code>\uff08\u88ab\u62d2\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a<code>otelcol_exporter_sent_spans<\/code>\uff08\u6210\u529f\u53d1\u9001\u91cf\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5b58\u50a8\u7aef\uff1a\u544a\u8b66<code>jaeger_spans_received<\/code>\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u5165\u91cf\uff09<br 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