{"id":36557,"date":"2025-04-11T14:32:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=36557"},"modified":"2025-04-11T14:32:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T06:32:00","slug":"ebpf%e5%9c%a8%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9f%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/36557.html","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/xShIJ6S.jpg\" alt=\"eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5b58\u50a8\u573a\u666f\u65f6\u4e3e\u6b65\u7ef4\u8270\u3002\u800c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\uff08Extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u6a2a\u7a7a\u51fa\u4e16\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u6ce8\u5165\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u672f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u4ece<strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u5230<strong>\u96f6\u4fb5\u5165\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">eBPF<\/a>\u6b63\u5728\u6084\u7136\u91cd\u5851\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u4e94\u5927\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-ebpf\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5951\u5408\u70b9\">\u4e00\u3001eBPF\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5951\u5408\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>eBPF\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Linux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u6ce8\u5165\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5176<strong>\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5f3a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5951\u5408\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9<strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u5bf9<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<strong>\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u7684IO\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u5982iptables\u6216\u9759\u6001\u63a2\u9488\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u8017\u5927\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u914d\u3002\u800ceBPF\u7684<strong>XDP\uff08Express Data Path\uff09<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u9a71\u52a8\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3\u5fae\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Ceph\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684<strong>\u667a\u80fd\u6d41\u91cf\u5378\u8f7d<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5143\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u534740%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff08\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\uff1a2023\u5e74Linux\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316-\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u5f0f\u52a0\u901f\">\u4e8c\u3001<strong>\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u5f0f\u52a0\u901f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>IO\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5316\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/strong><br \/>\neBPF\u7684<strong>kprobe\/tracepoint<\/strong>\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u51fd\u6570\u57cb\u70b9\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6355\u83b7\u5ef6\u8fdf\u70ed\u70b9\u3002\u5728Kubernetes\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408CSI\uff08Container Storage Interface\uff09\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u7279\u5b9aPod\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2aPVC\uff08Persistent Volume Claim\uff09\u56e0\u540e\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u8282\u70b9\u8fc7\u8f7d\u51fa\u73b0IO\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u5230\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u89e6\u53d1\u52a8\u6001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong><br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7eBPF\u7684<strong>socket redirect<\/strong>\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u5185\u5b58\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u573a\u666f\uff08\u5982MinIO\uff09\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u53ef\u63d0\u534730%-50%\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4-\u6784\u5efa\u5b58\u50a8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684-\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\">\u4e09\u3001<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u5b58\u50a8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u591a\u79df\u6237\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u98ce\u9669\u9661\u589e\u3002eBPF\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728ext4\u6216XFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684read\/write\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u690d\u5165eBPF\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u53f7\u3001\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u62e6\u622a\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u4e91\u5382\u5546\u66fe\u501f\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u5c0f\u65f6\u7ea7\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5b9e\u65bd<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Cilium\u9879\u76ee\uff0ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8eKubernetes\u7684NetworkPolicy\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u5b9e\u65bd<strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\uff08Identity-Based\uff09\u7684\u5fae\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u5e26\u6709\u201cenv=prod\u201d\u6807\u7b7e\u7684Pod\u8bbf\u95ee\u9ad8\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5377\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9769\u547d-\u900f\u89c6\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684-\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\">\u56db\u3001<strong>\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027\u9769\u547d\uff1a\u900f\u89c6\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\uff09\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u800ceBPF\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u5c42\u9762\u6355\u83b7\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5168\u94fe\u8defIO\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7BCC\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u7ed8\u5236\u4ece\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u5e94\u7528\u2192\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u2192\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u2192\u7269\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5b8c\u6574IO\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7cbe\u51c6\u8bc6\u522b\u56e0cgroup\u9650\u5236\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6296\u52a8\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5206\u89e3\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528eBPF\u7684<strong>\u706b\u7130\u56fe<\/strong>\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u6b21\u5b58\u50a8\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b49\u5f85\u3001\u7269\u7406IO\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002Netflix\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5176\u5bb9\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\u51cf\u5c11\u4e8660%\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c3e\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08P99\uff09\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u6574-\u8ba9\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf-\u81ea\u6108\">\u4e94\u3001<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u7b56\u7565\u8c03\u6574\uff1a\u8ba9\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u81ea\u6108\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>eBPF\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u4f18\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94QoS\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u4e2aNamespace\u7684\u5b58\u50a8IOPS\u8d85\u8fc7\u914d\u989d\u65f6\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574cgroup\u7684blkio\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u201c\u566a\u58f0\u90bb\u5c45\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6545\u969c\u81ea\u6108\u4e0e\u91cd\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\uff08\u5982Longhorn\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5eBPF\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u526f\u672c\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u81f3\u5065\u5eb7\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6807\u8bb0\u6545\u969c\u8282\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u516d-\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b\">\u516d\u3001\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1eBPF\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u843d\u5730\u4ecd\u9700\u514b\u670d<strong>\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8<\/strong>\u7b49\u969c\u788d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56eBPF\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u98ce\u9669\u2014\u20142022\u5e74\u67d0\u516c\u6709\u4e91\u5382\u5546\u66fe\u56e0eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5f15\u53d1\u96c6\u7fa4\u7ea7\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740<strong>eBPF CO-RE\uff08Compile Once \u2013 Run 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