{"id":36794,"date":"2025-04-11T15:02:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=36794"},"modified":"2025-04-11T15:02:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:02:28","slug":"prometheus%e7%9a%84service-discovery%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/36794.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u7684Service Discovery\u673a\u5236\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/AECAq4W.jpg\" alt=\"Prometheus\u7684Service Discovery\u673a\u5236\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6280\u672f\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u6311\u6218\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u79d2\u7ea7\u901f\u5ea6\u6269\u5c55\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u5f53\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6f02\u79fb\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9759\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u914d\u7f6e\u5df2\u663e\u5f97\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\u3002<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a><\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5176\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684<strong>\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\uff08Service Discovery\uff09\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u6b63\u662f\u7834\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5229\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u652f\u6301\u7684\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5b9e\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\u534f\u540c\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u8d77\u771f\u6b63\u9002\u5e94\u4e91\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e-\u7075\u6d3b\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\">\u4e00\u3001\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u7075\u6d3b\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u57fa\u77f3<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\uff08static_config\uff09<\/strong>\u662fPrometheus\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>scrape_configs<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684<code>targets<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u7269\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u9a8c\u8bc1\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u9700\u6c42\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">scrape_configs:  \r\n- job_name: 'node_exporter'  \r\nstatic_configs:  \r\n- targets: ['192.168.1.10:9100', 'vm-host-01:9100']  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u52a8\u6001\u53d1\u73b0\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176<strong>\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u6df7\u5408\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8865\u5145\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u5931\u6548\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecd\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u73b0-\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u65b9\u6848\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\uff08file_sd\uff09<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u8bfb\u53d6\u5916\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u76ee\u6807\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65e0\u6cd5\u96c6\u6210API\u7684\u9057\u7559\u7cfb\u7edf\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">scrape_configs:  \r\n- job_name: 'custom_app'  \r\nfile_sd_configs:  \r\n- files:  \r\n- '\/etc\/prometheus\/targets\/*.json'  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u652f\u6301JSON\/YAML\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408inotify\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u79d2\u7ea7\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u66fe\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u6210\u529f\u5bf9\u63a5\u81ea\u7814\u7684CMDB\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>8000+\u7269\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5206\u949f\u7ea7\u76d1\u63a7\u540c\u6b65<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u53d1\u73b0-\u62e5\u62b1\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\">\u4e09\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u62e5\u62b1\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-kubernetes\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\">1. <strong>Kubernetes\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0cKubernetes\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u652f\u6301\u8986\u76d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Node<\/strong>\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Service<\/strong>\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u70b9\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pod<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u76d1\u63a7\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>EndpointSlice<\/strong>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7aef\u70b9\u96c6\u5408\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'  \r\nkubernetes_sd_configs:  \r\n- role: pod  \r\nrelabel_configs:  \r\n- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]  \r\naction: keep  \r\nregex: true  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u4e0e\u6ce8\u89e3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u6807\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong>\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>\u591a\u79df\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6309\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u9694\u79bb<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-docker-swarm\u96c6\u6210\">2. <strong>Docker Swarm\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0cPrometheus\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0Swarm\u670d\u52a1\n<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u66f4\n<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301overlay\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u96c6\u6210-\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u76d1\u63a7\u7edf\u4e00\u5165\u53e3\">\u56db\u3001\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u96c6\u6210\uff1a\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u76d1\u63a7\u7edf\u4e00\u5165\u53e3<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-aws-ec2\u53d1\u73b0\">1. <strong>AWS EC2\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7EC2 API\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0Region\/AZ\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b9e\u4f8b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u6807\u7b7e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u72b6\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u516c\u6709IP\/\u79c1\u6709IP\u914d\u7f6e\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- job_name: 'aws_ec2'  \r\nec2_sd_configs:  \r\n- region: us-west-1  \r\nport: 9100  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"2-azure\u4e0egcp\u53d1\u73b0\">2. <strong>Azure\u4e0eGCP\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Azure VM\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8eAzure Resource Graph\u67e5\u8be2\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>GCP GCE\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u96c6\u6210Google Cloud API\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7edf\u4e00\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6807\u7b7e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u5143\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u67d0\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e91\u53d1\u73b0\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0<strong>\u6a2a\u8de8AWS\/Azure\u768410\u4e07+\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7edf\u4e00\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u53d1\u73b0\u5ef6\u65f6\u63a7\u5236\u572830\u79d2\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u670d\u52a1\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u63a5-\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f\">\u4e94\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u6ce8\u518c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7<\/a>\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-consul\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\">1. <strong>Consul\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0cConsul\u53d1\u73b0\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\n<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- job_name: 'consul_services'  \r\nconsul_sd_configs:  \r\n- server: 'consul.service.consul:8500'  \r\nservices: ['api-gateway', 'user-service']  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"2-eureka\u4e0ezookeeper\">2. <strong>Eureka\u4e0eZookeeper<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Eureka<\/strong>\uff1a\u6df1\u5ea6\u96c6\u6210Spring Cloud\u751f\u6001\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zookeeper<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u6301\u4e45\u8282\u70b9\u76d1\u63a7\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5747\u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5143\u6570\u636e\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"\u516d-\u667a\u80fddns\u53d1\u73b0-\u4f20\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7834\u5c40\">\u516d\u3001\u667a\u80fdDNS\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7834\u5c40<\/h3>\n<p><strong>DNS SRV\u8bb0\u5f55\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u5b9e\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f20\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u6539\u9020\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6df7\u5408\u4e91\u8fc7\u6e21\u9636\u6bb5\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981DNS\u6743\u91cd\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">- job_name: 'dns_srv_discovery'  \r\ndns_sd_configs:  \r\n- names: ['_prometheus._tcp.example.com']  \r\ntype: SRV  \r\nport: 9090  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u67d0\u7535\u4fe1\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5c06<strong>200+\u4f20\u7edf\u88f8\u91d1\u5c5e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u7eb3\u5165Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u63a7\u5236\u5728TTL+5\u79d2\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e03-\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d1\u73b0-\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u8fb9\u754c\">\u4e03\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7<strong>HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\uff08http_sd\uff09<\/strong>\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cPrometheus\u5f00\u653e\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5bf9\u63a5\u81ea\u7814CMDB\u7cfb\u7edf\n<\/li>\n<li>\u96c6\u6210\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u76d1\u63a7\u5e73\u53f0\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u7ea7\u53d1\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u4e32\u8054\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>+------------------+       +-----------------+  \r\n| Custom Discovery | HTTP  | Prometheus      |  \r\n| Endpoint         |&lt;-----&gt;| http_sd_config  |  \r\n+------------------+       +-----------------+  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