{"id":37209,"date":"2025-04-18T11:00:06","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T03:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=37209"},"modified":"2025-04-18T11:00:06","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T03:00:06","slug":"prometheus%e7%9a%84%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%8e%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/37209.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/72N35.jpg\" alt=\"Prometheus\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u524d\u8a00<\/strong><br 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style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4f53\u7cfb\u65e0\u7f1d\u8854\u63a5\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u91ca\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff1f<\/em> \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Prometheus\u4e0e\u5404\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ece\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u53ef\u843d\u624b\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Prometheus\u4ee5<strong>Pull\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u6293\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u8d77\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\uff08Label\uff09\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00PromQL<\/strong>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7075\u6d3b\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684Exporter\u751f\u6001<\/strong>\uff1a\u8986\u76d6\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u767e\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5355\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u4e5f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u2014\u2014<em>\u82e5\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u5e73\u53f0\u3001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8054\u52a8\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u96be\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a 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Stack\u3001Splunk\uff09\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff08\u5982Ansible\u3001Terraform\uff09\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u82e5Prometheus\u6570\u636e\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u544a\u8b66\u54cd\u5e94\u5ef6\u8fdf<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u9608\u503c\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u53ca\u65f6\u63a8\u9001\u81f3\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5272\u88c2<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u5207\u6362\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u63a7\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8bca\u65ad\u6548\u7387\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u672a\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6216AIops\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u96c6\u6210\u5e76\u975e\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5fc5\u9009\u9879<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u6838\u5fc3\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6848\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u6848\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"1-\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316-\u4e0egrafana\u6df1\u5ea6\u8054\u52a8\"><strong>1. \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff1a\u4e0eGrafana\u6df1\u5ea6\u8054\u52a8<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Grafana\u662fPrometheus\u7684\u201c\u9ec4\u91d1\u642d\u6863\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa\u76d1\u63a7\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Grafana\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0Prometheus URL\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eScrape\u95f4\u9694\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u521b\u5efaDashboard<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u5982<code>rate(http_requests_total[5m])<\/code>\uff09\u751f\u6210\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u677f\u5316\u4e0e\u5171\u4eab<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Variable\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u7b5b\u9009\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6309\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u51faJSON\u6a21\u677f\u4f9b\u56e2\u961f\u590d\u7528\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u8fdb\u9636\u6280\u5de7<\/em>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408Grafana\u7684<strong>Alerting\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u53f0\u5b8c\u6210\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"2-\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5-alertmanager\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u8def\u7531\"><strong>2. 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id=\"3-api\u96c6\u6210-\u5bf9\u63a5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7edf\"><strong>3. API\u96c6\u6210\uff1a\u5bf9\u63a5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Prometheus\u63d0\u4f9b<strong>HTTP API<\/strong>\uff08\u5982<code>\/api\/v1\/query<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6309\u9700\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u62c9\u53d6<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bfc\u51fa\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u81f3\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\uff08\u5982ClickHouse\uff09\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u957f\u671f\u8d8b\u52bf\u62a5\u8868\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53cd\u5411\u5199\u5165<\/strong>\uff1a\u501f\u52a9<code>Remote Write<\/code>\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u5230Thanos\u6216M3DB\u7b49\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/em>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u67e5\u8be2\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests  \r\nresponse = requests.get('http:\/\/prometheus:9090\/api\/v1\/query?query=node_memory_MemFree_bytes')  \r\nprint(response.json())  \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"4-\u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u751f\u6001\u7684\u878d\u5408\"><strong>4. \u4e0e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u751f\u6001\u7684\u878d\u5408<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kubernetes\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>kube-state-metrics<\/code>\u548c<code>cAdvisor<\/code>\u5bfc\u51fa\u5bb9\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408Prometheus Operator\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Service Mesh\u96c6\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u4eceIstio\u3001Linkerd\u91c7\u96c6\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u683c\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u95f4\u8c03\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u7387\uff1b\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Serverless\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728AWS Lambda\u6216Knative\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72Pushgateway\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\u77ed\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 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