{"id":37326,"date":"2025-04-18T11:13:41","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T03:13:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=37326"},"modified":"2025-04-18T11:13:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T03:13:41","slug":"opentelemetry%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e9%ab%98%e5%90%9e%e5%90%90%e9%87%8f%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e6%94%b6%e9%9b%86%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/37326.html","title":{"rendered":"OpenTelemetry\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/08QoNF9p0m.jpg\" alt=\"OpenTelemetry\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\uff1f\" ><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u6b63\u4ee5\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6570\u767e\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6307\u6807\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u6bcf\u79d2\u767e\u4e07\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d2a\u6d41\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u800c\u201c\u5931\u806a\u201d\u3002<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">OpenTelemetry<\/a><\/strong>\uff08\u7b80\u79f0OTel\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u6027<\/a>\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u7684<strong>\u9ad8\u6548\u6027<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong>\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u51c6\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u5fc5\u7b54\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e00-\u67b6\u6784\u89e3\u8026-\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u5230\u4f20\u8f93\u7684-\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\">\u4e00\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u89e3\u8026\uff1a\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u5230\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u201d<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">OpenTelemetry<\/a>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u5728\u4e8e<strong>\u89e3\u8026\u6570\u636e\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u6d88\u8d39<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\uff08Instrumentation\uff09\u3001\u5904\u7406\uff08Processing\uff09\u4e0e\u5bfc\u51fa\uff08Exporting\uff09\u5206\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0cOTel\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7SDK<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefSDK\u4ec5\u8d1f\u8d23\u751f\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u9065\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u6279\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5c06\u7ec6\u788e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u805a\u5408\u6210\u6279\u6b21\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJava Agent\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5c06\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u7d2f\u79ef\u5230<code>512KB<\/code>\u6216\u7b49\u5f85<code>5\u79d2<\/code>\u540e\u518d\u6279\u91cf\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c06\u5355\u6b21I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u5347\u8fd120\u500d\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u72ec\u7acbCollector\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u901a\u67a2\u7ebd\u201d\uff0cOpenTelemetry Collector\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536\u5668\uff08Receiver\uff09\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08Processor\uff09\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668\uff08Exporter\uff09\u7684\u4e09\u6bb5\u5f0f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5176<strong>\u591a\u7ea7\u961f\u5217\u7f13\u51b2<\/strong>\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u961f\u5217+\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\uff09\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5b9e\u6d4b\u572816\u6838\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ef\u5904\u7406\u8d85\u8fc750\u4e07\u6761Span\u6570\u636e\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u6545\u969c\u800c\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e8c-\u667a\u80fd\u91c7\u6837-\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u95f4\u5bfb\u627e\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\">\u4e8c\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u91c7\u6837\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u95f4\u5bfb\u627e\u5e73\u8861\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5168\u91cf\u91c7\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8d85\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u65e2\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002OpenTelemetry\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e60%-90%\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5934\u90e8\u91c7\u6837\uff08Head-based Sampling\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5165\u53e3\u5904\u7acb\u5373\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5426\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b8c\u6574\u8ffd\u8e2a\u94fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u914d\u7f6e<code>10%<\/code>\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u4f4e\u4ef7\u503c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u5982\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c3e\u90e8\u91c7\u6837\uff08Tail-based Sampling\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5148\u7f13\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5982\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\uff09\u7b5b\u9009\u5173\u952e\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002\u67d0\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u53cc\u5341\u4e00\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e75%\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u91c7\u6837<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u65f6\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982QPS\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u7387\uff09\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7a81\u589e\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u9ad8\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u81f330%\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6491\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u901a\u8fc7Collector\u7684<code>probabilistic_sampler<\/code>\u3001<code>tail_sampling<\/code>\u7b49\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/\"   target=\"_blank\" style=\"color:blue\">Prometheus<\/a>\u3001Jaeger\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8054\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e09-\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406-\u6253\u7834\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u67b7\u9501\">\u4e09\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u6253\u7834\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u67b7\u9501<\/h3>\n<p>\u540c\u6b65\u963b\u585e\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u62a5\u662f\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u201c\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\u201d\u3002OpenTelemetry\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u5f02\u6b65\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u964d\u81f3\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u975e\u963b\u585eAPI<\/strong>\uff1aSDK\u7684<code>Span.End()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u7531\u540e\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u9001\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5f02\u6b65\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u63d0\u534740%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96f6\u62f7\u8d1d\uff08Zero-copy\uff09\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528ProtoBuf\u7b49\u9ad8\u6548\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u907f\u514dJSON\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u5305\u542b10\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684Span\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8017\u65f6\u4ece<code>2.3ms<\/code>\u964d\u81f3<code>0.4ms<\/code>\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u80cc\u538b\uff08Backpressure\uff09\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53Collector\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u9971\u548c\u65f6\uff0cSDK\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362\u4e3a\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8986\u76d6\u6216\u4e22\u5f03\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e94\u7528\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u67d0\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u79d220\u4e07\u6b21API\u8c03\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u542f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u91c7\u96c6\u540e\u5e94\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0<code>1.2ms<\/code>\uff0cCPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u4fdd\u6301\u57283%\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u56db-\u8d44\u6e90\u4f18\u5316-\u8ba9\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u627f\u8f7d\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u636e\">\u56db\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u8ba9\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u627f\u8f7d\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cOpenTelemetry\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u9879\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7626\u8eab\u8fd0\u884c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u534f\u8bae\u538b\u7f29<\/strong>\uff1a\u652f\u6301gzip\u3001zstd\u7b49\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u5e26\u5bbd\u964d\u4f4e70%\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u5e73\u53f0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528zstd\u538b\u7f29\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u5747\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u91cf\u4ece<code>1.2TB<\/code>\u51cf\u5c11\u81f3<code>350GB<\/code>\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u589e\u91cf\u7f16\u7801\uff08Delta Encoding\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff09\u4ec5\u53d1\u9001\u53d8\u5316\u503c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u4e0a\u62a5\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u79ef\u53ef\u51cf\u5c1192%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u667a\u80fd\u8282\u6d41<\/strong>\uff1aCollector\u7684<code>memory_limiter<\/code>\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5f53\u8fbe\u5230\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5f03\u6216\u964d\u7ea7\uff0c\u907f\u514dOOM\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\uff09\u98ce\u9669\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97\u5355\u4e2aCollector\u5b9e\u4f8b\u57284\u68388G\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u7a33\u5b9a\u5904\u7406\u8d85\u8fc7<code>10MB\/s<\/code>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3 id=\"\u4e94-\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55-\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9\u5e94\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u6d2a\u5cf0\">\u4e94\u3001\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\uff1a\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9\u5e94\u5bf9\u6d41\u91cf\u6d2a\u5cf0<\/h3>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0cOpenTelemetry\u7684\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u57fa\u56e0\u8d4b\u4e88\u5176\u5929\u7136\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Kubernetes\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cCollector\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7HPA\uff08Horizontal Pod Autoscaler\uff09\u6839\u636eCPU\/\u5185\u5b58\u6307\u6807\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u7f29\u5bb9\u3002\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7a81\u589e200%\u65f6\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u53ef\u57282\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece3\u4e2aPod\u52308\u4e2aPod\u7684\u6269\u5bb9\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u7247\uff08Sharding\uff09\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8def\u7531\u5230\u56fa\u5b9aCollector\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u67d0\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u5206\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u81f398%\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u964d\u4f4e45%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u5408\u90e8\u7f72\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06Collector\u5206\u4e3a\u8fb9\u7f18\u8282\u70b9\uff08Sidecar\uff09\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e24\u5c42\u3002\u8fb9\u7f18Collector\u6267\u884c\u521d\u6b65\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u96c6\u7fa4\u8d1f\u8d23\u590d\u6742\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u67d0\u8de8\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u6210\u672c\u4e0b\u964d60%\u3002\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3 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