{"id":37903,"date":"2025-04-23T00:20:32","date_gmt":"2025-04-22T16:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=37903"},"modified":"2025-04-23T00:20:32","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T16:20:32","slug":"npm%e5%9c%a8%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9f%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba%e5%92%8c%e8%b4%a1%e7%8c%ae%e8%80%85%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e4%b8%ad%e6%9c%89%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/37903.html","title":{"rendered":"NPM\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u793e\u533a\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"NPM\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u793e\u533a\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

NPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09<\/strong> \u662fJavaScript\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u73af\u5883Node.js\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002NPM\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ebf\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\uff08registry\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u516c\u5f00\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u8be5\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001NPM\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n

1. \u4fc3\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u91cd\u7528<\/h2>\n

NPM\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7836,000\u4e2a\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4eceWeb\u6846\u67b6\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u7f16\u5199\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u660e\u8f6e\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528Express.js\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u6574\u4e2aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u63a8\u52a8\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u5316<\/h2>\n

NPM\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u793e\u533a\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u5316\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Node.js\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Express.js\u548cMocha\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u7b80\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002NPM\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff08SemVer\uff09\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5305\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528`package.json`\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u51fa\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u53ca\u5176\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\/\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff08CI\/CD\uff09<\/h2>\n

NPM\u4e0e\u5404\u79cd\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Grunt\u3001Gulp\uff09\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982Jest\u3001Mocha\uff09\u96c6\u6210\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\u548cCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728`package.json`\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6267\u884c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u63d0\u4ea4\u94a9\u5b50\uff08pre-commit hook\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5957\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h2>\n

NPM\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528`npm audit`\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u3002NPM\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5305\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001NPM\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n

1. \u964d\u4f4e\u53c2\u4e0e\u95e8\u69db<\/h2>\n

NPM\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u672c\u7684JavaScript\u548cNode.js\u77e5\u8bc6\u5373\u53ef\u5f00\u59cb\u8d21\u732e\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u624b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u514b\u9686\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

NPM\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6d41\u884c\u5305\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u6863\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u7406\u89e3\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cExpress.js\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u533a\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u534f\u4f5c<\/h2>\n

NPM\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4ea4\u6d41\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba8\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52a8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cNode.js\u5b98\u65b9\u8bba\u575b\u548cGitHub\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u8ba8\u8bba\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u8ba4\u53ef\u548c\u6fc0\u52b1\u8d21\u732e\u8005<\/h2>\n

NPM\u793e\u533a\u91cd\u89c6\u5e76\u8ba4\u53ef\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u548c\u6fc0\u52b1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u611f\uff0c\u4e5f\u9f13\u52b1\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u5728README\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u793a\u611f\u8c22\u3002<\/p>\n

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