{"id":39209,"date":"2025-04-25T03:30:57","date_gmt":"2025-04-24T19:30:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=39209"},"modified":"2025-04-25T03:30:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T19:30:57","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fapm%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e5%92%8c%e5%8f%8d%e9%a6%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/39209.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u53cd\u9988"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u53cd\u9988\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\uff08Application Performance Monitoring\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u5982Kubernetes\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n

1. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u8ba1\u5212<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5236\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7528\u6237\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u660e\u786e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u89c4\u5212\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8ba1\u5212<\/strong>\uff1a\u5236\u5b9a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u548c\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n

    2. \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u9009\u62e9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982JUnit\u3001TestNG\uff08Java\uff09\uff0cpytest\uff08Python\uff09\uff0cRSpec\uff08Ruby\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982Selenium\uff08Web UI\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u3001Postman\uff08API\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u3001JMeter\uff08\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n

    3. \u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff08CI\/CD\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u914d\u7f6eCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u7acbCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u6216\u5408\u5e76\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Ansible\u3001Chef\u3001Puppet\u6216Terraform\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n

    4. \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u8d1f\u8f7d\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982JMeter\u3001Gatling\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7528\u6237\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6781\u9650\u627f\u53d7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5c16\u5cf0\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n

    5. \u5b89\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Nessus\u3001OpenVAS\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5982SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08XSS\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5426\u5065\u5168\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

    1. \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528APM\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982New Relic\u3001Dynatrace\u3001AppDynamics\uff09\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6307\u6807\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u8bbe\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5982CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982ELK Stack\u3001Graylog\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/li>\n

    2. \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1aAPM\u5de5\u5177\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982InfluxDB\u3001Prometheus\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4eea\u8868\u76d8<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Grafana\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff0c\u5c06\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u5c55\u793a\u3002\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u5feb\u901f\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u6027\u80fd\u8d8b\u52bf\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n

    3. \u667a\u80fd\u544a\u8b66\u548c\u901a\u77e5<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u548c\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u4e0d\u540c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u544a\u8b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u3001\u5373\u65f6\u901a\u8baf\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Slack\u3001Microsoft Teams\uff09\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u6e20\u9053\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76f8\u5173\u4eba\u5458\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u667a\u80fd\u901a\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u544a\u8b66\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bef\u62a5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u544a\u8b66\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n

    4. \u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790\uff08RCA\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982OpenTelemetry\u3001Jaeger\uff09\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982New Relic APM\u3001Retrace\uff09\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e8b\u52a1\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u5f71\u54cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u56db\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n
  • \u65e9\u671f\u4ecb\u5165<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548cAPM\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5206\u5c42\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7528\u6237\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5168\u9762\u8986\u76d6\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5b9a\u671f\u56de\u987e\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u56de\u987e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f18\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u63d0\u5347<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548cAPM\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u800c\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u5219\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6280\u672f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e00\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u7b80\u4ecb \u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\uff08Application Performance Monitoring\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u5982Kubernetes\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4e91\u539f\u751fAPM\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5 1. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u8ba1\u5212 \u5236\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7528\u6237\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u660e\u786e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u3002 \u89c4\u5212\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a\u5236\u5b9a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u548c\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 2. \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5de5\u5177 \u9009\u62e9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982JUnit\u3001TestNG\uff08Java\uff09\uff0cpytest\uff08Python\uff09\uff0cRSpec\uff08Ruby\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982Selenium\uff08Web UI\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u3001Postman\uff08API\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u3001JMeter\uff08\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u3002 3. \u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff08CI\/CD\uff09 \u914d\u7f6eCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\uff1a\u5efa\u7acbCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u6216\u5408\u5e76\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Ansible\u3001Chef\u3001Puppet\u6216Terraform\uff09\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002 4. \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982JMeter\u3001Gatling\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7528\u6237\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002 \u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6781\u9650\u627f\u53d7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002 \u5c16\u5cf0\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002 5. \u5b89\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5 \u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Nessus\u3001OpenVAS\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5982SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08XSS\uff09\u7b49\u3002 \u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5426\u5065\u5168\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236 1. \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66 \u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528APM\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982New Relic\u3001Dynatrace\u3001AppDynamics\uff09\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6307\u6807\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u8bbe\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002 \u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\uff1a\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5982CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u5206\u914d\u3002 \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982ELK Stack\u3001Graylog\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6545\u969c\u3002 2. \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316 \u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\uff1aAPM\u5de5\u5177\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982InfluxDB\u3001Prometheus\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Grafana\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\uff0c\u5c06\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u5c55\u793a\u3002\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u5feb\u901f\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002 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