{"id":39483,"date":"2025-04-25T12:59:52","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T04:59:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=39483"},"modified":"2025-04-25T12:59:52","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T04:59:52","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fnpm%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e9%95%9c%e5%83%8f%e7%9a%84%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%9c%89%e4%bd%95%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/39483.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4f55\u8054\u7cfb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4f55\u8054\u7cfb\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u542b\u4e49\u3002NPM\u662fJavaScript\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5219\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u6253\u5305\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Version Control System, VCS\uff09\u5219\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001NPM\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

1. \u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0cNPM\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406Node.js\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5219\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aNode.js\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528NPM\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u5f53\u5c06\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u76f8\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n

    2. \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • NPM\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff08Semantic Versioning\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u8bba\u662fNPM\u5305\u8fd8\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u90fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u53f7.\u6b21\u7248\u672c\u53f7.\u4fee\u8ba2\u53f7\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u534f\u540c\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7248\u672c\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2aNPM\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u53d8\u66f4\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5982\u679c\u4f9d\u8d56\u8be5\u5305\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u8005\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n

    3. \u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06NPM\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Dockerfile\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c`RUN npm install –production`\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06NPM\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660eNPM\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u5173\uff0cNPM\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n

    4. \u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u56de\u6eda\u7684\u8054\u52a8\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0eNPM\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684NPM\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0eNPM\u5305\u7684\u56de\u6eda\u64cd\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u56de\u6eda\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u9700\u8981\u5728NPM\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411<\/h2>\n

    1. \u5efa\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u5e94\u8be5\u5efa\u7acb\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u786e\u4fddNPM\u5305\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5728\u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u9501\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982`package-lock.json`\uff09\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u548cNPM\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n

    2. \u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n

  • \u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u89e3\u51b3NPM\u5305\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u4f18\u5316NPM\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728NPM\u5305\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u542b\u4e49\u3002NPM\u662fJavaScript\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5219\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u6253\u5305\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Version Control System, VCS\uff09\u5219\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u3002 \u4e00\u3001NPM\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8054\u7cfb 1. \u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027 \u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0cNPM\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406Node.js\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5219\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aNode.js\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528NPM\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u5f53\u5c06\u8be5\u5e94\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u76f8\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002 2. 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