{"id":39508,"date":"2025-04-25T13:47:22","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T05:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=39508"},"modified":"2025-04-25T13:47:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T05:47:22","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fnpm%e5%9c%a8%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%ba%a7%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%98%e5%8a%bf%e4%bd%93%e7%8e%b0%e5%9c%a8%e5%93%aa%e9%87%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/39508.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h2>\n

1. \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u94fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6784\u5efa\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u5236\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u5230\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\uff08CI\/CD\uff09\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u56e0\u5de5\u5177\u5207\u6362\u548c\u624b\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8de8\u804c\u80fd\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u6784\u5efa\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u8de8\u804c\u80fd\u56e2\u961f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5236\u54c1\u5e93\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u5e02\u573a\u53d8\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5e02\u573a\u53cd\u9988\u8fc5\u901f\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u5e02\u573a\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h2>\n

1. \u5f39\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u7f29\u51cf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u5546\u4fc3\u9500\u6d3b\u52a8\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u518d\u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u51cf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u8fd0\u8425\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u5177\u5907\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u6108\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u4ef6\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u533a\u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6062\u590d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u63d0\u5347\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u91c7\u7528\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5c0f\u56e2\u961f\u8d1f\u8d23\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u6280\u672f\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u56e0\u73af\u5883\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001NPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h2>\n

1. \u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n

NPM\u62e5\u6709\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5e93\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7836,000\u4e2a\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u524d\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff08Semantic Versioning\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

NPM\u91c7\u7528\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u77e5\u9053\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u73b0\u6709\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u5177\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7b56\u7565\uff08Long-Term Support, LTS\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

Node.js\u7684\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7b56\u7565\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aLTS\u7248\u672c\u90fd\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u9700\u6c42\u89c4\u5212\u5347\u7ea7\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u62c5\u5fc3\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4f18\u52bf<\/h2>\n

1. \u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u548c\u6210\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6269\u5c55\u548cNPM\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f18\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u7f29\u51cf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6cbb\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u66f4\u52a0\u4fbf\u6377\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002NPM\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u52a0\u901f\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u4e0a\u5e02\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u501f\u52a9\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caNPM\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5c06\u65b0\u60f3\u6cd5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea7\u54c1\u63a8\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u5feb\u521b\u65b0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u5e02\u573a\u5148\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u548cNPM\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

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