{"id":39594,"date":"2025-04-25T16:51:37","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T08:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=39594"},"modified":"2025-04-25T16:51:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T08:51:37","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%8e%9f%e7%94%9fnpm%e5%9c%a8%e5%be%ae%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%99%90%e6%b5%81%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/39594.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751f\uff08Cloud Native\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u7279\u6027\u3002NPM\uff08Node Package Manager\uff09\u662fNode.js\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0cNPM\u4e0e\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u8fc7\u8f7d\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u751a\u81f3\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u9650\u6d41\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5982\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\uff08DoS\uff09\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n

1. \u56fa\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u51fa\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7a81\u53d1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u56fa\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u6ed1\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u7684\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u6052\u5b9a\u901f\u7387\u751f\u6210\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4ee4\u724c\u653e\u5165\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u6f0f\u6876\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u50cf\u6c34\u6ef4\u4e00\u6837\u6d41\u5165\u6f0f\u6876\uff0c\u6f0f\u6876\u4ee5\u56fa\u5b9a\u901f\u7387\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6f0f\u6876\u5df2\u6ee1\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u6f0f\u6876\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5e93\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Node.js\u9650\u6d41\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. express-rate-limit<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eExpress.js\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u9650\u6d41\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u5b9e\u65bd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

javascript<\/p>\n

const express = require(‘express’);<\/p>\n

const app = express;<\/p>\n

const rateLimit = require(‘express-rate-limit’);<\/p>\n

const limiter = rateLimit({<\/p>\n

windowMs: 60 1000, \/\/ 1 minute<\/p>\n

max: 100, \/\/ limit each IP to 100 requests per windowMs<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

app.use(limiter);<\/p>\n

app.listen(3000, => {<\/p>\n

console.log(‘Server running on port 3000’);<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

2. RateLimiter Flexible<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684Node.js\u9650\u6d41\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u91c7\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u5b9a\u5236\u5404\u79cd\u9650\u6d41\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

javascript<\/p>\n

const RateLimiterFlexible = require(‘rate-limiter-flexible’);<\/p>\n

const opts = {<\/p>\n

points: 100, \/\/ Number of points<\/p>\n

duration: 60, \/\/ Per second(s)<\/p>\n

};<\/p>\n

const rateLimiter = new RateLimiterFlexible(opts);<\/p>\n

async function consume {<\/p>\n

try {<\/p>\n

await rateLimiter.consume(1);<\/p>\n

console.log(‘Request successful’);<\/p>\n

} catch (rejRes) {<\/p>\n

console.log(‘Request rejected’);<\/p>\n

consume;<\/p>\n

3. limiter<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684Node.js\u9650\u6d41\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u8def\u7531\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u52a8IP\u5c01\u9501\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

javascript<\/p>\n

const express = require(‘express’);<\/p>\n

const app = express;<\/p>\n

const { Limiter } = require(‘limiter’);<\/p>\n

const limiter = new Limiter({<\/p>\n

tokensPerInterval: 100,<\/p>\n

interval: ‘minute’,<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

app.use((req, res, next) => {<\/p>\n

const remaining = await limiter.removeTokens(1);<\/p>\n

if (remaining < 0><\/p>\n

return res.status(429).send(‘Too Many Requests’);<\/p>\n

req.limiter = limiter;<\/p>\n

next;<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

app.listen(3000, => {<\/p>\n

console.log(‘Server running on port 3000’);<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

4. pLimit<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684Node.js\u9650\u6d41\u5e93\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u91c7\u7528\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u961f\u5217\u673a\u5236\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

javascript<\/p>\n

const pLimit = require(‘p-limit’);<\/p>\n

const limit = pLimit(10);<\/p>\n

async function getData {<\/p>\n

const result = await limit( => {<\/p>\n

return new Promise((resolve) => {<\/p>\n

setTimeout( => {<\/p>\n

resolve(‘Data Retrieved’);<\/p>\n

}, 1000);<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

return result;<\/p>\n

getData.then(console.log);<\/p>\n

5. express-jwt-auth<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eExpress.js\u7684JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u9650\u6d41\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u9650\u6d41\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u4e0eJSON Web Tokens\uff08JWT\uff09\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

javascript<\/p>\n

const express = require(‘express’);<\/p>\n

const app = express;<\/p>\n

const jwt = require(‘express-jwt’);<\/p>\n

const jwksRsa = require(‘jwks-rsa’);<\/p>\n

const rateLimit = require(‘express-rate-limit’);<\/p>\n

const checkJwt = jwt({<\/p>\n

secret: jwksRsa.expressJwtSecret({<\/p>\n

cache: true,<\/p>\n

rateLimit: true,<\/p>\n

jwksRequestsPerMinute: 5,<\/p>\n

jwksUri: ‘<\/p>\n

}),<\/p>\n

algorithms: [‘RS256’],<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

const apiLimiter = rateLimit({<\/p>\n

windowMs: 60 1000,<\/p>\n

max: 100,<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

app.use(‘\/api’, apiLimiter);<\/p>\n

app.use(checkJwt);<\/p>\n

app.get(‘\/api\/data’, (req, res) => {<\/p>\n

res.send(‘Protected data’);<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

app.listen(3000, => {<\/p>\n

console.log(‘Server running on port 3000’);<\/p>\n

});<\/p>\n

\u4e91\u539f\u751fNPM\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5e93\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u56fa\u5b9a\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u548c\u6f0f\u6876\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u70b9\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9650\u6d41\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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const app = express; const rateLimit = require(‘express-rate-limit’); const limiter = rateLimit({ windowMs: 60 1000, \/\/ 1 minute max: 100, \/\/ limit each IP to 100 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-discussion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39594"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39595,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39594\/revisions\/39595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}