{"id":571,"date":"2017-11-20T14:12:27","date_gmt":"2017-11-20T06:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/?p=571"},"modified":"2017-11-20T14:12:27","modified_gmt":"2017-11-20T06:12:27","slug":"%e5%bc%ba%e8%80%85%e6%81%92%e5%bc%ba%ef%bc%9ax86%e9%ab%98%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%ac%ba%e6%b3%a8%e4%b9%8b%e5%be%aa%e7%8e%af%e4%b8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yunshan.net\/blog\/archives\/571.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5f3a\u8005\u6052\u5f3a\uff1ax86\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f16\u7a0b\u7b3a\u6ce8\u4e4b\u5faa\u73af(\u4e0b)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\t\t\t\n \t\n\n

  • \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6027\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u5206\u652f<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u5faa\u73af<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u7f13\u5b58<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u9884\u53d6<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u5927\u9875<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u9501<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • RCU<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • \u65e0\u9501<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
  • SIMD\u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n
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    Loop Unrolling<\/h3>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5faa\u73af\u5c55\u5f00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u6d41\u4f20\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u591a\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\u94fa\u5ef6\u5230\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u503c\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u5206\u652f\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u5c55\u5f00\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u500d\u51cf\u5c11\u5faa\u73af\u7684overhead<\/strong>\uff0c\u8ba9CPU<\/strong>\u8d44\u6e90\u80fd\u66f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u6307\u4ee4\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u64cd\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e0a\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u7406\u8bba\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u7528perf<\/strong>\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u53bb\u5b9e\u9645\u63a2\u7a76\u4e00\u4e0b\u6027\u80fd\u70ed\u70b9\u7a76\u7adf\u4ea7\u751f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5982\u4eca\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u5947\u6280\u6deb\u5de7\u201d\u52a0\u901f\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e4e\u7684\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u90a3\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u540c\u65f6\u6446\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7845\u57fa\u5904\u7406\u5668\u9762\u524d\u7684\u7981\u8114\u800c\u5df2\u3002\n\n\n
      \n \t\n\n
    • \u4f7f\u7528-O0<\/strong>\u9009\u9879\u7f16\u8bd1\u5982\u4e0b\u5faa\u73af\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n
      \n\n
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      loop 1:\n\nfor\u00a0(i =\u00a00;\u00a0i <\u00a0100000000;\u00a0i++)\u00a0{\nsum +=\u00a0array[i];\n}<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5728\u6211\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7528perf stat<\/strong>\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b\u5927\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\n\nSideNotes:<\/span> perf stat<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0repeat [N]<\/strong>\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0-d<\/strong>\u663e\u793a\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\n\n\n\n
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      Performance counter stats for ‘.\/loop10’:\n\n348.773618 task-clock # 0.999 CPUs utilized\n5 context-switches # 0.014 K\/sec\n0 cpu-migrations # 0.000 K\/sec\n1,203 page-faults # 0.003 M\/sec\n796,895,241 cycles # 2.285 GHz [83.37%]\n495,310,308 stalled-cycles-frontend # 62.16% frontendcycles idle [83.37%]\n44,325,164 stalled-cycles-backend # 5.56% backend cyclesidle [66.74%]\n802,774,532 instructions # 1.01 insns per cycle\n# 0.62 stalled cycles per insn [83.37%]\n100,538,550 branches # 288.263 M\/sec [83.37%]\n2,014 branch-misses # 0.00% of all branches [83.18%]\n\n0.349124017 seconds time elapsed<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u663e\u793a\u91cc\uff0cperf<\/strong>\u5f88\u8d34\u5fc3\u5730\u628a62.16%<\/strong>\u7684front-end stalledcycles<\/strong>\u6807\u6210\u4e86\u96be\u4ee5\u6297\u62d2\u7684\u65a9\u7537\u8272\u3002\n\n\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\uff0cfront-end<\/strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u6307\u4ee4\u7684fetch<\/strong>\u548c\u89e3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u8f93\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u65e2\u7136front-end stalled<\/strong>\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9009\u62e9perf<\/strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u505a\u4e00\u4e0b\u6d4b\u91cf\u770b\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u54ea\u91cc\u5728\u6d6a\u8d39CPU<\/strong>\u597d\u4e86\uff1a\n\n\n\n
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      perf record -eidle-cycles-frontend .\/loop10\n\nperf report\n\n \n\nSideNotes: objdump -S \u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\n\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0push \u00a0 %rbp\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0mov \u00a0 \u00a0%rsp,%rbp\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0uint64_t sum = 0;\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0movq \u00a0$0x0,-0x8(%rbp)\u00a0; \u521d\u59cb\u5316sum =\u00a00\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0int i = 0;\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0movl \u00a0$0x0,-0xc(%rbp)\u00a0; \u521d\u59cb\u5316i =\u00a00\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0for(; i < N; i++) {\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0\u2193 jmp \u00a0 \u00a02b\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0sum +=array[i];\n10.64 \u250215: \u00a0 mov \u00a0 \u00a0-0xc(%rbp),%eax ; \u5728%eax\u4e2d\u5199\u5165i\u7684\u503c\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0cltq\n\u2502mov \u00a0\u00a00x601060(,%rax,4),%eax ; \u8bfb\u53d6array[i]\u7684\u503c\u5e76\u5199\u5165%eax\n26.95 \u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0cltq\n17.59 \u00a0\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0add \u00a0 \u00a0%rax,-0x8(%rbp)\u00a0; \u8ba1\u7b97sum +=array[i]\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0uint64_t\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 loop_process()\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 {\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0uint64_t sum = 0;\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0int i = 0;\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0for(; i < N; i++) {\n44.82 \u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0addl \u00a0 $0x1,-0xc(%rbp)\u00a0; i\u81ea\u589e\n\u25022b: \u00a0 cmpl \u00a0 $0x5f5e0ff,-0xc(%rbp)\u00a0; \u5224\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0\u2191 jle \u00a0 \u00a015\u00a0; \u8fd4\u56de\u5faa\u73af\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0sum +=array[i];\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0}\n\u2502\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0return sum;\n\u2502\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0mov \u00a0\u00a0-0x8(%rbp),%rax ; sum\u5199\u5165%rax\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 }\n\u2502\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0pop \u00a0 \u00a0%rbp\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2190 retq<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
      <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5728-O0<\/strong>\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u6bd4\u8f83\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fafront-end<\/strong>\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u7a7a\u7b49\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668i<\/strong>\u7684\u81ea\u589e\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\n\n\u5f53CPU<\/strong>\u53d1\u751ffront-end stalled<\/strong>\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u6700\u5927\u6548\u7387\u5730\u7ed9CPU<\/strong>\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u8f93\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u4e0d\u9971\u548c\uff0cIPC<\/strong>\u4e0b\u964d\u7b49\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\n\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cfront-end stalled<\/strong>\u591a\u7531\u4e8e\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b58\u8bfb\u53d6miss<\/strong>\u6216\u8005\u300c\u590d\u6742\u300d\u6307\u4ee4\u89e3\u7801\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\uff0cbranch-miss<\/strong>\u5e76\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u7f13\u5b58miss<\/strong>\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u6162\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e14\u4e00\u6bb5micro-benchmark<\/strong>\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u54ea\u5462\uff1f<\/strong>\n\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u641c\u96c6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u63a8\u65ad\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3CPU<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5f88\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8eperf list<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u60f3\u771f\u6b63\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u9605\u624b\u518c\u3002\n\nIntel\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u90e8\u53eb\u505a\u300aIntel\u00ae 64 andIA-32 Architectures Software Developer\u2019s Manual\u300b<\/em>\u7684\u7687\u7687\u5de8\u8457\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u56de\u5bb6\u6697\u81ea\u63e3\u6469\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u7528\u5230\u7b2c3B\u5377\u7b2c19\u7ae0\u201cPERFORMANCE MONITORING EVENTS\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u6709CPU<\/strong>\u578b\u53f7\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u786c\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528perf<\/strong>\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u6211\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5668\u662fSandy Bridge<\/strong>\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6309\u56fe\u7d22\u9aa5\uff0c\u6211\u9700\u8981\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b19-8\u8282\u4e2d\u6240\u7f57\u5217\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002\n\n\u5728\u8868\u683c19-15\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505aUOPS_ISSUED.ANY<\/strong>\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a\n\n\n\n
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      Increments each cycle the # of Uops issued bythe\u00a0RAT to RS. Set Cmask = 1, Inv = 1, Any= 1to count\u00a0stalled cyclesof this core.<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
      <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5176\u4e2dRAT<\/strong>\u662f\u6307RegisterAlias Table<\/strong>\uff0cRS<\/strong>\u662fReservation Station<\/strong>\uff0cUops<\/strong>\u5219\u662f\u6307\u4ee4\u89e3\u7801\u540e\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\n\n\n
        \n \t\n\n
      • RAT<\/strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u505aregister rename<\/strong>\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528CPU<\/strong>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
      • RS<\/strong>\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u524d\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7ad9\uff0c\u5f53\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u5148\u5165\u961f\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u9001\u5230CPU<\/strong>\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94Port<\/strong>\u4e0a\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u6807\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230Event Num<\/strong>\u548cUmaskValue<\/strong>\u4e24\u5217\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a0EH<\/strong>\u548c01H<\/strong>\uff1a\n\n\n\n
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        \n\n
        \n\n\n
        perf stat -ecpu\/event=0x0e,umask=0x01\/ .\/loop10\n\nPerformance counter stats for ‘.\/loop10’:\n\n1,004,242,933 cpu\/event=0x0e,umask=0x01\/\n\n0.346507887 seconds time elapsed<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
        <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5373\u662f\u6b64\u9879\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06Cmask<\/strong>\u8bbe\u4e3a1<\/strong>\uff0cInv<\/strong>\u8bbe\u4e3a1<\/strong>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230stalledcycles<\/strong>\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff1a\n\n\n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n\n
        perf stat -ecpu\/event=0x0e,umask=0x01,cmask=1,inv=1\/ .\/loop10\n\nPerformance counter stats for ‘.\/loop10’:\n\n493,982,905 cpu\/event=0x0e,umask=0x01,cmask=1,inv=1\/\n\n0.346209440 seconds time elapsed<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
        <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u663e\u793a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u7528perf stat<\/strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\n\nSideNotes: <\/strong>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0aperf<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u8bfb\u53d6stalled<\/strong>\u6570\u503c\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528more \/sys\/devices\/cpu\/events\/stalled-cycles-frontend<\/strong>\u67e5\u770b\u3002\n\n\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8868\u683c19-15\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91caStalled cycle<\/strong>\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982RESOURCE_STALLS.ANY<\/strong>\uff1a\n\n\n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n\n
        CyclesAllocation is stalled due to Resource Related reason.<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
        <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u5176\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\n\n\n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n\n
        491,331,063cpu\/event=0xa2,umask=0x01\/<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
        <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u4e0efront-end stalled<\/strong>\u603b\u6570\u5341\u5206\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u201cResource Related reason<\/strong>\u201d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684CPU<\/strong>\u7a7a\u7b49\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48Resource\uff1f<\/strong>\u8fd9\u5c31\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\n\n\u5728RESOURCE_STALLS.ANY<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u76844\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5RESOURCE_STALLS<\/strong>\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0RESOURCE_STALLS.RS<\/strong>\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\n\n\n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n
        \n\n\n
        490,511,517 cpu\/event=0xa2,umask=0x04\/<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
        <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u81f3\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9afront-end stalled<\/strong>\u662f\u7531\u201cCycles stalled due to no eligible RS entry available<\/strong>\u201d\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u4e86\u3002\n\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u56de\u5934\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bSandy Bridge<\/strong>\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\uff1a\n\n\"640-webp-1\"d\n\n\u5728\u622a\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0cSandy Bridge<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Physical Register File\u300cPRF\u300d<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3aregister renamer<\/strong>\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u597d\u7684\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u5165Reorder Buffer\u300cROB\u300d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e71\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5728\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u56de\u6eda\u7b49\u597d\u5904\u3002\n\n\u7136\u540e\u6307\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684Physical Register File<\/strong>\u53bb\u8fdb\u884cregister rename<\/strong>\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u6307\u4ee4\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165Unified Scheduler<\/strong>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684Reservation Station\u300cRS\u300d<\/strong>\u7b49\u5f85\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u6267\u884c\u3002\n\n\u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\n\n\n
          \n \t\n\n
        1. Fetch<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
        2. Decode<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
        3. Reorder<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
        4. Rename<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
        5. Reservation Station<\/li>\n\n\n \t\n\n
        6. Execute<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u3002\n\n\u9996\u5148\u662fDecoder Queue<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee54\u4e2a\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\/\u5468\u671f\u300cuops\/cycle\u300d<\/strong>\u7684\u901f\u7387\u7ed9ROB<\/strong>\u4f20\u9001\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u540c\u7406ROB<\/strong>\u5230PRF<\/strong>\uff0cPRF<\/strong>\u5230Unified Scheduler\u300cRS\u300d<\/strong>\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3002\n\n\u53e6\u5916\u5c31\u662fROB<\/strong>\u6709168\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0cPRF<\/strong>\u6709160\u4e2a\uff0c\u800cUnified Scheduler<\/strong>\u4ec5\u670954\u4e2a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aUnified Scheduler<\/strong>\u4ec5\u50a8\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u800cROB<\/strong>\u9700\u8981\u50a8\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u7801\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\n\n\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cUnified Scheduler\u300cRS\u300d<\/strong>\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u540c\u65f6CPU<\/strong>\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u7c7b\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\u7684RS<\/strong>\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\n\n\u5f53\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5927\u91cf\u201c\u7a81\u53d1\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684RS\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u300c\u6bd4\u5982\u793a\u4f8b\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u300d\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728RS<\/strong>\u4e2d\u5806\u79ef\uff0cRAT<\/strong>\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u518d\u201cissue<\/strong>\u201d\u5fae\u6307\u4ee4\u7ed9RS<\/strong>\uff0c\u9020\u6210CPU stall<\/strong>\u3002\n\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97UOPS_ISSUED.ANY<\/strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u6570\u4e0e\u603bCYCLE<\/strong>\u8bfb\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4eceRAT<\/strong>\u5230RS<\/strong>\u7684\u901f\u7387\u57281.2uops\/cycle\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u524d\u65b94uops\/cycle\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3002\n\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u6bb5\u201c\u5faa\u73af\u5c55\u5f00\u201d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5728-O0<\/strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0cCPU stall<\/strong>\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7531\u4e8eReservationStation<\/strong>\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\n\n\n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n\n

          loop\u00a02<\/h3>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          for\u00a0(i =\u00a00;\u00a0i <\u00a0100000000;\u00a0i +=\u00a04)\u00a0{\nsum +=\u00a0array[i];\nsum +=\u00a0array[i +\u00a01];\nsum +=\u00a0array[i +\u00a02];\nsum +=\u00a0array[i +\u00a03];\n}<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n\n

          loop 3<\/h3>\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          \n\n
          for\u00a0(i =\u00a00;\u00a0i <\u00a0100000000;\u00a0i +=\u00a04)\u00a0{\nsum1\u00a0+=\u00a0array[i];\nsum2\u00a0+=\u00a0array[i +\u00a01];\nsum3\u00a0+=\u00a0array[i +\u00a02];\nsum4\u00a0+=\u00a0array[i +\u00a03];\n}\nsum =\u00a0sum1 +\u00a0sum2 +\u00a0sum3 +\u00a0sum4;<\/section>\n\n\n\n
          <\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\u603b\u7ed3\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u683c-O0\u7f16\u8bd1\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          <\/td>\n\n\n\n\nA<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nB<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nC<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nD<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          1<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop1<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop2<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop3<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          2<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nCycles<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n796,895,241<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n628,983,412<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n345,823,599<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          3<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nInstructions<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n802,774,532<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n650,103,585<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n651,486,504<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          4<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nUOPS_ISSUED.ANY<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n1,004,242,933<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n778,573,244<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n779,100,087<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          5<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nStalled-Cycles-FE<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n495,310,308<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n432,527,871<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n149,837,294<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          6<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nRESOURCE_STALLS.RS<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n490,511,517<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n424,736,743<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n145,859,703<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n\n<\/table>\n\n\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u90fd\u662f\u5361\u5728RS<\/strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u5360\u6bd4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6309\u7167\u9884\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u666f\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u6267\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728-O2<\/strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u53c8\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u666f\uff1a-O2<\/strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          <\/td>\n\n\n\n\nA<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nB<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nC<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nD<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          1<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop1<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop2<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nloop3<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          2<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nCycles<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n138,924,887<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n91,329,732<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n91,021,889<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          3<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nInstructions<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n500,240,297<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n275,581,865<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n275,797,328<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          4<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nUOPS_ISSUED.ANY<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n402,660,940<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n252,385,169<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n252,402,345<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
          5<\/td>\n\n\n\n\nStalled-Cycles-FE<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n38,237,778<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n15,501,980<\/td>\n\n\n\n\n15,241,552<\/td>\n\n\n<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
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